洗胃法与剖胃法在四种蛙食性分析中的对比

在动物的食性研究中,剖胃法因要杀死动物,会产生一系列的生态学影响和伦理学问题,在国际上招致了越来越多的反对,而在我国仍广泛使用。尽管洗胃法已用于食性研究,它的效果却从来没有研究过。我们应用洗胃法研究了浙江宁波郭巨镇四种蛙(黑斑蛙、泽蛙、金线蛙和中华蟾蜍)的食性,并与剖胃法所获得的食性结果进行比较。结果显示:尽管洗胃法在四种蛙胃内食物量的总洗出率(在94.50%以上)和食物个体数的洗出率上(均大于93.46%)略低于剖胃法,但胃内未洗出的与洗出的平均食物个体大小间无差异(所有P>0.3061),两种方法获得的四种蛙的平均食物量和食物个体数也无差异(对食物量所有P>0.8680,对食物个体数所有P>0.7923)。结果表明,洗胃法是比较精确的,在动物的食性研究中,应广泛地推广洗胃法,摒弃剖胃法

A comparison of stomach flush and stomach dissection in diet analysis of four frog species

In the diet analysis of animals, using stomach dissection could cause a series ecology effects and ethical problem since animals were killed in this method. Stomach dissection was opposed more and more in abroad but was still used widely in our country. Although stomach flush has been used in the diet analysis of animals, the validity of this method has never been studied. We studied diet of 4 frog species, Rana limnocharis, R.nigromaculata, R.plancyi and Bufo bufo gargarizans by stomach flush on Guoju town in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province and compared the results with these from stomach dissection. Results showed the percentages of flushed out prey volume (all P>94.50) and prey number (all P>93.46) for the four frog species by stomach flush were little less than those from stomach dissection. However, the mean prey sizes for four frog species were not significant different between flushed out and un-flushed out (all P> 0.3061) and both mean prey volume and number in stomachs gotten by stomach flush and stomach dissection were not significant different among the four frog species (for prey volume all P> 0.8680, for prey number all P> 0.7923). Our study indicates that the result of stomach flush is accurate in the diet analysis. Stomach flush should be used more widely and stomach dissection should be thrown away ultimately.