我国东南部地区夏季两种雀形目鸟类的代谢产热特征及其体温调节

采用封闭式流体压力呼吸计,分别在5-35℃和5-40℃的环境温度范围内测定了白头鹎(Pycnonotussinensis)和丝光椋鸟(Sturnussericeus)的代谢率、热传导和体温等指标,探讨其代谢产热特征。结果显示:在环境温度(Ta)为5-35℃时,白头鹎的体温基本维持恒定,平均温度为40.3±0.1℃,热中性区为26.6-32.8℃,基础代谢率为73.10±4.11mlO2/h,是体重预期值的79%;Ta在5-26℃范围内,代谢率(MR)与Ta呈负相关,回归方程为:MRmlO2/h]=265.37-7.24Ta(℃);Ta在5-30℃范围内,热传导值最低且基本保持恒定,平均为0.24±0.01mlO2/g·h·℃,是体重预期值的126%。丝光椋鸟的热中性区为27.6-34.5℃,平均体温为40.5±0.1℃(5-40℃),基础代谢率为160.64±9.20mlO2/h,是体重预期值的90%;最低热传导为0.16±0.05mlO2/g·h·℃,是体重预期值的129%。在5-25℃范围内,MR与Ta的回归方程为:MRmlO2/h]=377.96-7.88Ta(℃)。白头鹎和丝光椋鸟的基本生物学特征为:较高的体温,热传导和上临界温度,较宽的热中性区和较低的代谢率,符合南方小型鸟类的代谢特征.

Metabolism and thermoregulation in two species of passerines from south-eastern China in summer

(1) Chinese bulbul Pycnonotus sinensis and silky starling Sturnus sericeus are distributed throughout southeast China, and they are dominant species in Zhejiang province. Metabolic rate, body temperature, and thermal conductance were determined in the Chinese bulbul at a temperature range of 5 - 35℃ and the silky starling at a temperature range of 5 -40℃, respectively. Oxygen consumption was measured using a closed circuit respirometer. (2) The thermal neutral zone of Chinese bulbul and silky starling were 26.6 - 32.8℃ and 27.6 - 34.5℃ , respectively. The mean metabolic rates within thermal neutral zones of these species were 73.10 ± 4.11 and 160.64 ± 9.20 ml O2/h, respectively. Mean body temperature of the two species were 40.3 ± 0.1℃ and 40.5 ± 0.1℃, respectively. Mean thermal conducstarling had high body temperature, thermal conductance, and upper critical temperature, low basal metabolic rate and relatively wide thermal neutral zones Acta Zoologica Sinica 52 (4): 641 -647, 2006].