中国软骨鱼类螺旋瓣的研究

本文对隶于2亚纲13目31科(除姥鲨科外)45属的68种软骨鱼类瓣肠内螺旋瓣进行了比较观察,认为可分为3式型,绝大多数种类属螺旋型,并可再依瓣的数目分为4个亚型,少数种类为薄片型或画卷型。亲缘关系近的种类其式型和数目亦近似。螺旋瓣数目颇多的种类可分为凶猛性和食浮游生物温和性两类。有的种类瓣肠内壁及螺旋瓣上具褶襞,以增加吸收面积。

A STUDY OF THE SPIRAL VALVES OF CHINESE CARTILAGINOUS FISHES

This paper presents a comparative study of the spiral valves of 68 representative species of Chinese cartilaginous fishes, belonging to 45 genera, 31 families, 13 orders and 2 subclasses. There are 3 patterns and 4 subpatterns.1. Spiral pattern: The majority of sharks, all skates and rays, and chimaeras belong to this pattern. The valves range from 4 to 42: Hexanchidae 12, Heterodonti-dae 8-9, Carchariidae 20-21, Alopiidae 42, Orectolobidae 17-26, Cirrhoscylliidae 6, Scyliorhinidae 7-9, Triakidae 5-7, Carcharhinidae 4-6, Squalidae 8-13, Pristiopho-ridae 9, Squatinidae 7, Pristidae 15, Ehynchobatidae 17, Rhinobatidae 8, Platyrhinidae 8, Rajidae 7, Torpedinidae 7-8, Narkidae 6-9, Urolophidae 8, Dasyatidae 17-26, Gymnuridae 12-13, Myliobatidae 10-23, Aetobatidae 32, Chimaeridae 4.2. Lamellated pattern: Isuridae 43-47, Rhincodontidae 72, Rhinopteridae 21-22 and Mobulidae 55.3. Scrolled pattern: Carcharhinidae and Sphyrnidae.4. The voracious species of Carehariidae, Isuridae and Alopiidae, and the plankton feeders of Rhineodontidae and Mobulidae have numerous spiral valves.5. The patterns and numbers of spiral valves are usually similar in closely related species.