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Characterization of Bifidobacterium apousia sp. nov., Bifidobacterium choladohabitans sp. nov., and Bifidobacterium polysaccharolyticum sp. nov., three novel species of the genus Bifidobacterium from honey bee gut
Institution:1. USDA-ARS Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, Tucson, AZ 85719, United States;2. Department of Entomology and Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States;1. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy;2. Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI University (National Institute of Genetics), Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan;3. Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;4. Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan;5. Biological Resource Center (NBRC), National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE), Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan;6. Department of Animal Health Care and Management, Parco Natura Viva — Garda Zoological Park, Bussolengo, Verona, Italy;7. RIKEN Centerfor Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2230-0045, Japan;8. Bioinformation and DDBJ Center, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan;1. Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;2. Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Belgium;1. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy;2. Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI University (National Institute of Genetics), Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan;3. Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;4. Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan;5. Department for Sustainable Food Processes, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;6. Biological Resource Center (NBRC), National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE), 2-5-8, Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan;7. Department of Animal Health Care and Management, Parco Natura Viva — Garda Zoological Park, Bussolengo, Verona, Italy;8. Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy;9. Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy;10. RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan;11. Bioinformation and DDBJ Center, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan;1. Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan;2. Yakult Honsha European Research Center for Microbiology ESV, Technologiepark 4, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium;3. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 42, 40127 Bologna, Italy;4. Lactic acid Bacteria and Mucosal Immunity Team, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Rue Prof. Calmette, F-59019 Lille Cedex, France;5. Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59019 Lille, France;6. Université Lille Nord de France, F-59019 Lille, France;7. CNRS, UMR 8204, F-59019 Lille, France;8. Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd., Taipei 10673, Taiwan, ROC
Abstract:Bifidobacterium is one of the dominating bacterial genera in the honey bee gut, and they are the key degrader of diet polysaccharides for the host. Previous genomic analysis shows that they belong to separate phylogenetic clusters and exhibited different functional potentials in hemicellulose digestion. Here, three novel strains from the genus Bifidobacterium were isolated from the guts of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). Phylogenomic analysis showed that the isolates could be grouped into four phylogenetic clusters. The average nucleotide identity values between strains from different clusters are <95%, while strains in Cluster IV belong to the characterized species Bifidobacterium asteroides. Carbohydrate-active enzyme annotation confirmed that the metabolic capacity for carbohydrates varied between clusters of strains. Cells are Gram-positive rods; they grew both anaerobically and in a CO2-enriched atmosphere. All strains grew at a temperature range of 20–42 °C, with optimum growth at 35 °C. The pH range for growth was 5–9. Strains from different phylogenetic clusters varied in multiple phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterizations. Thus, we propose three novel species Bifidobacterium apousia sp. nov. whose type strain is W8102T (=CGMCC 1.18893 T = JCM 34587 T), Bifidobacterium choladohabitans sp. nov., whose type strain is B14384H11T (=CGMCC 1.18892 T = JCM 34586 T), and Bifidobacterium polysaccharolyticum sp. nov. whose type strain is W8117T (=CGMCC 1.18894 T = JCM 34588 T).
Keywords:Novel species  Honey bee  Gut microbiota  CAZyme
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