‘Candidatus Dichloromethanomonas elyunquensis’ gen. nov., sp. nov., a dichloromethane-degrading anaerobe of the Peptococcaceae family |
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| Authors: | Sara Kleindienst Steven A Higgins Despina Tsementzi Gao Chen Konstantinos T Konstantinidis E Erin Mack Frank E Löffler |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (UT-ORNL) Joint Institute for Biological Sciences (JIBS) and Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;2. Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;3. Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;5. Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA;6. School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA;7. Corporate Remediation Group, E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Company, Newark, DE 19714, USA |
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| Abstract: | Taxonomic assignments of anaerobic dichloromethane (DCM)-degrading bacteria remain poorly constrained but are important for understanding the microbial diversity of organisms contributing to DCM turnover in environmental systems. We describe the taxonomic classification of a novel DCM degrader in consortium RM obtained from pristine Rio Mameyes sediment. Phylogenetic analysis of full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that the DCM degrader was most closely related to members of the genera Dehalobacter and Syntrophobotulus, but sequence similarities did not exceed 94% and 93%, respectively. Genome-aggregate average amino acid identities against Peptococcaceae members did not exceed 66%, suggesting that the DCM degrader does not affiliate with any described genus. Phylogenetic analysis of conserved single-copy functional genes supported that the DCM degrader represents a novel clade. Growth strictly depended on the presence of DCM, which was consumed at a rate of 160 ± 3 μmol L?1 d?1. The DCM degrader attained 5.25 × 107 ± 1.0 × 107 cells per μmol DCM consumed. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed rod-shaped cells 4 ± 0.8 μm long and 0.4 ± 0.1 μm wide. Based on the unique phylogenetic, genomic, and physiological characteristics, we propose that the DCM degrader represents a new genus and species, ‘Candidatus Dichloromethanomonas elyunquensis’. |
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| Keywords: | DCM dichloromethane ANI average nucleotide identity AAI average amino acid identity CM chloromethane CF chloroform 1 1 1-TCA 1 1 1-trichloroethane PCE tetrachloroethene TCE trichloroethene 1 1-DCA 1 1-dichloroethane 1 2-DCE BES 2-bromoethanesulfonate FISH fluorescence in situ hybridization RDases reductive dehalogenases Anaerobic dichloromethane degradation Metagenome binning |
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