A rapid protocol for somatic embryogenesis from immature leaflets of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) |
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| Authors: | P Venkatachalam P B Kavi Kishor N Geetha M Thangavelu N Jayabalan |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, 620 024 Tiruchirappalli, India;(2) Biotechnology Division, Rubber Research Institute of India, 686 009 Kottayam, India;(3) Plant Physiology Division, Rubber Research Institute of India, 686 009 Kottayam, India;(4) Department of Genetics, Osmania University, 500 007 Hyderabad, India;(5) Plant Molecular Biology Lab, Wye College, University of London, Wye Keat, TN25 5AH London, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | Summary Plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis was developed in two groundnut varieties. Somatic embryogenesis was induced from
immature leaflets on MS medium with different concentrations of the auxins 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA) in combination with 0.5 mg/l of the cytokinin BA. The highest frequency of somatic embryo formation occurred on
MS medium fortified with 20 mg 2,4-D per l. Of the two auxins tested individually 2,4-D was more effective for induction of
embryogenesis as well as production of embryos. Embryo development and maturation was achieved on MS medium supplemented with
N6-benzyladenine (BA) (0.5–2.0 mg/l) and 2,4-D (0.5 mg/l). Plant conversion frequency from somatic embryos was highest in presence
of 2.0 mg BA per l and 0.5 mg NAA per l. The frequency of embryogenesis and plant regeneration was higher in the VRI-2 cultivar
than in the other cultivar tested. Regenerated plants were transferred to soil, grown to maturity, and produced viable seeds. |
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| Keywords: | embryo induction embryo maturation plantlet development plant growth hormones |
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