Somatic embryogenesis and in vitro rosmarinic acid accumulation in Salvia officinalis and S. fruticosa leaf callus cultures |
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Authors: | S Kintzios A Nikolaou M Skoula |
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Institution: | (1) Agricultural University of Athens, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece Fax: +30-1-5294286 e-mail: skin@aua.gr, GR;(2) Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Department of Natural Products, Alsyllion Agrokepion, P. O. Box 85, GR-73100 Chania, Greece, GR |
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Abstract: | The effect of explant age, plant growth regulators and culture conditions on somatic embryogenesis and rosmarinic acid production
from leaf explants of Salvia officinalis and S. fruticosa plants collected in Greece was investigated. Embryogenic callus with numerous spherical somatic embryos could be induced
on explants derived from both species and cultured for 3 weeks on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.8–18
μm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin (Kin) or 10.5–21 μm 1-naphthalenacetic acid and 6-benzyladenine. Only explants from young plants (with six to eight leaves) responded to the
culture treatments and, in general, low light intensities (50 μmol m–2 s–1) favoured callus formation and induction of somatic embryos. Somatic embryos were further developed on the same medium. Heart-
and torpedo-shaped embryos (1–2 mm long) were subcultured on a growth-regulator-free MS medium for maturation. Maximum rosmarinic
acid accumulation in S. officinalis and S. fruticosa callus cultured on 4.5 μm 2,4-D and 4.5 μm Kin was 25.9 and 29.0 g/l, respectively.
Received: 17 January 1997 / Revision received: 26 May 1997 / Accepted: 30 June 1997 |
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Keywords: | Rosmarinic acid Salvia officinalis Salvia fruticosa Secondary metabolites Somatic embryogenesis |
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