Date Palm Agrobiodiversity (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Phoenix dactylifera</Emphasis> L.) in Siwa Oasis,Egypt: Combining Ethnography,Morphometry, and Genetics |
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Authors: | Vincent Battesti Muriel Gros-Balthazard Clémence Ogéron Sarah Ivorra Jean-Frédéric Terral Claire Newton |
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Institution: | 1.UMR 7206 éco-anthropologie & Ethnobiologie, CNRS & Muséum National d’histoire Naturelle: Musée de l’Homme,Paris,France;2.Institut des Sciences de l’évolution de Montpellier,UMR 5554 CNRS/Université de Montpellier/IRD/EPHE, CC065, équipe Dynamique de la Biodiversité, Anthropo-écologie,Montpellier Cedex 5,France;3.Center for Genomics and Systems Biology,New York University Abu Dhabi,Abu Dhabi,UAE;4.Laboratoire d’archéologie et de patrimoine,Université du Québec à Rimouski,Rimouski (Québec),Canada |
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Abstract: | We evaluate date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) agrobiodiversity of Siwa oasis, Egypt, located at the crossroads of ancient Trans-Saharan routes, focusing on diversity both as expressed and maintained by the folk categorization system of Siwa inhabitants (through an ethnographic analysis) and as described by genetic sciences and a morphometric tool based on size and geometry of seeds. We verified that some named types are true cultivars, sharing not only a formal identity, important for Isiwan people, but also a genetic identity. However, we also confirm the existence of “ethnovarieties,” i.e., voluntary collections of multiple clones sharing phenotypic characteristics with the same local name, suggesting the genetic richness is higher than the apparent agrobiodiversity estimated by a superficial ethnobotanical approach. Finally, our research offers new insights on the relative importance of feral and cultivated date palms. |
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