Response of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grown Conventionally and on Beds in a Sandy Loam Soil |
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Authors: | Sharma Mahaveer P Reddy Ubbara Gangi Adholeya Alok |
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Institution: | (1) Centre for Mycorrhizal Research, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Lodhi Road, New Delhi, 110 003, India;(2) Microbiology Section, Directorate of Soybean Research (DSR, Indore-ICAR), Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India;(3) Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK |
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Abstract: | The present study was undertaken to assess the benefit and compare the functioning of AM fungi on wheat grown conventionally
and on beds. Ten treatment combinations were used, treatments 1 and 2: no fertilizers with and without arbuscular mycorrhizal
(AM) fungi (In vitro produced Glomus intraradices); 3:100% of recommended NPK: (120 kg ha−1 N; 60 kg ha−1 P; 50 kg ha−1 K), and 4 and 5: 75% of recommended NPK dose with and without AM inoculation in a 5 × 2 split-plot design on wheat using
conventional/flat system and elevated/raised bed system. The maximum grain yield (3.84 t ha−1) was obtained in AM fungi inoculated plots of raised bed system applied with 75% NPK and was found higher (although non-
significant) than the conventional (3.73 t ha−1) system. The AM inoculation at 75% fertilizer application can save 8.47, 5.38 kg P and 16.95, 10.75 kg N ha−1, respectively, in bed and conventional system. While comparing the yield response with 100% fertilizer application alone,
AM inoculation was found to save 20.30, 15.79 kg P and 40.60, 31.59 kg N ha−1, respectively, in beds and conventional system. Mycorrhizal inoculation at 75% NPK application particularly in raised bed
system seems to be more efficient in saving fertilizer inputs and utilizing P for producing higher yield and growth unlike
non-mycorrhizal plants of 100% P. Besides the yield, mycorrhizal plants grown on beds had higher AM root colonization, soil
dehydrogenases activity, and P-uptake. The present study indicates that the inoculation of AM fungi to wheat under raised
beds is better response (although non-significantly higher) to conventional system and could be adopted for achieving higher
yield of wheat at reduced fertilizer inputs after field validation. |
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Keywords: | Arbuscular mycorrhiza Cultivation systems Triticum aestivum Field response |
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