The enzymatic basis for pesticide bioremediation |
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Authors: | Colin Scott Gunjan Pandey Carol J Hartley Colin J Jackson Matthew J Cheesman Matthew C Taylor Rinku Pandey Jeevan L Khurana Mark Teese Chris W Coppin Kahli M Weir Rakesh K Jain Rup Lal Robyn J Russell John G Oakeshott |
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Institution: | (1) CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;(2) Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India;(3) Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India |
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Abstract: | Enzymes are central to the biology of many pesticides, influencing their modes of action, environmental fates and mechanisms
of target species resistance. Since the introduction of synthetic xenobiotic pesticides, enzymes responsible for pesticide
turnover have evolved rapidly, in both the target organisms and incidentally exposed biota. Such enzymes are a source of significant
biotechnological potential and form the basis of several bioremediation strategies intended to reduce the environmental impacts
of pesticide residues. This review describes examples of enzymes possessing the major activities employed in the bioremediation
of pesticide residues, and some of the strategies by which they are employed. In addition, several examples of specific achievements
in enzyme engineering are considered, highlighting the growing trend in tailoring enzymatic activity to a specific biotechnologically
relevant function. |
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Keywords: | Bacterial enzymes Bioremediation Pesticides Xenobiotics |
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