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Trends in atmospheric concentrations of weed pollen in the context of recent climate warming in Poznań (Western Poland)
Authors:Paweł Bogawski  Łukasz Grewling  Małgorzata Nowak  Matt Smith  Bogdan Jackowiak
Institution:1. Laboratory of Aeropalynology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
2. Department of Climatology, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Dzi?gielowa 27, 61-680, Poznań, Poland
3. Department of Dermatology, University of Medical Science, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355, Poznań, Poland
4. Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Abstract:A significant increase in summer temperatures has been observed for the period 1996–2011 in Poznań, Poland. The phenological response of four weed taxa, widely represented by anemophilous species (Artemisia spp., Rumex spp. and Poaceae and Urticaceae species) to this recent climate warming has been analysed in Poznań by examining the variations in the course of airborne pollen seasons. Pollen data were collected by 7-day Hirst-type volumetric trap. Trends in pollen seasons were determined using Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator, whereas the relationships between meteorological and aerobiological data were established by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Significant trends in pollen data were detected. The duration of pollen seasons of all analysed taxa increased (from +2.0 days/year for Urticaceae to +3.8 days/year for Rumex), which can be attributed to a delay in pollen season end dates rather than earlier start dates. In addition, the intensity of Artemisia pollen seasons significantly decreased and correlates with mean July–September daily minimum temperatures (r?=??0.644, p?Rumex pollen seasons. The results of this study show that observed shifts in weed pollen seasons in Poznań, i.e. longer duration and later end dates, might be caused by the recorded increase in summer temperature. This influence was the strongest in relation to Artemisia, which is the taxon that flowers latest in the year. The general lack of significant correlations between Rumex and Urticaceae pollen seasons and spring and/or summer temperature suggests that other factors, e.g. land use practices, could also be partially responsible for the observed shifts in pollen seasons.
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