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中国西北干旱区生态区划
引用本文:倪健,郭柯,刘海江,张新时.中国西北干旱区生态区划[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(2):175-184.
作者姓名:倪健  郭柯  刘海江  张新时
作者单位:(中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学重点实验室,北京100093)
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划),国家科技攻关项目
摘    要: 从国内外生态区划、生态土地分类和生态 生产范式的研究和发展入手,从生态利用的角度出发,在西北干旱区生态区域分异规律的基础上,结合当地的社会经济发展特点,全面完成了西北干旱区的生态区划方案。本着既尊重自然规律又符合可持续发展的生态 生产范式的原则,在西北干旱区的生态区划过程中,主要考虑以下几个方面:气候与巨地形系统、地貌与基质、植被与土壤以及土地利用与产业发展方向;区划方法是以经验判别和地理信息系统(GIS)相结合进行的,过去发表的多种尺度的图件和区划方案均作为分区过程的辅助材料和新区划方案的校正材料;根据气候、巨地形系统、地貌、基质、植被、土壤以及土地利用和产业发展方向等特征,该生态区划的3级分区指标如下:一级分区,主要依据气候和巨地形系统,并充分考虑该高级分区在生态环境建设和产业结构调整中的作用;二级分区,主要根据次级地形和地貌系统以及大尺度植被类型;三级分区,主要依据基质和土壤的差异所造成的局域植被类型的差异,以及其生态 生产范式和将来的发展方向。根据以上区划的原则和指标体系,西北干旱区的生态区划采用3级区划制:生态域(Ecodomain)、生态区(Ecoregion)、生态小区(Ecodistrict),最后将西北干旱区划分为3个生态域、23个生态区和80个生态小区,并利用GIS绘制了1∶100万比例尺的西北干旱区生态区划图。西北干旱区生态区划的目的不仅在于发展独特的干旱区生态区划/生态分类的方法和理论体系,建立生态区划的方案和生态 生产范式,更重要的是要运用这些方法、规律和范式来指导当地的生态环境建设和产业结构调整,促进当地的土地资源合理配置,实现西北干旱区的可持续发展。

关 键 词:西北干旱区  生态区划  生态-生产范式  生态域  生态区  生态小区
修稿时间:2003年12月31

ECOLOGICAL REGIONALIZATION OF ARID LANDS IN NORTHWESTERN CHINA
NI Jian,GUO Ke,LIU Hai-jiang,ZHANG Xin-Shi.ECOLOGICAL REGIONALIZATION OF ARID LANDS IN NORTHWESTERN CHINA[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2005,29(2):175-184.
Authors:NI Jian  GUO Ke  LIU Hai-jiang  ZHANG Xin-Shi
Institution:(Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China)
Abstract:An ecological regionalization system was developed for the arid lands of northwestern China based on ecological and environmental factors, including climate, large-scale terrain features, landform, geology, vegetation, and soils, in combination with characteristics of social and economic development. The region was stratified into discrete geographical units of uniformity at three levels: Level I, the ecodomain, was based on climate and large-scale terrain features with consideration of the role of higher levels of regionalization and industrial development; Level II, the ecoregion, was based primarily on secondary landform, topography and large-scale vegetation types; and, Level III, the ecodistrict, was based on differences in local vegetation due to differences in geology and soils, as well as its eco-productive paradigm and potential future development. Based on this three-class system, we defined three ecodomains, 23 ecoregions and 80 ecodistricts. An ecoregional map of northwestern arid lands of China was drawn at 1∶1 million scale using GIS. The goals of the ecological regionalization classification were not only to develop a unique system of arid land ecological classification, but also to supervise local development and land use management to promote sustainable development of arid lands in northwestern China.
Keywords:Arid lands  Northwestern China  Ecological regionalization  Eco-productive paradigm  Ecodistrict  Ecodomain  Ecoregion  
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