我国荒漠不同生态类型植物的旱生结构

 本文研究了我国荒漠15种不同类型植物的解剖结构。结果表明，超旱生和旱生植物具有典型的旱生结构，尤以超旱生植物明显，例如沙冬青、梭梭。 旱生结构的基本特征是：叶片及角质层厚，具表皮毛、腺毛、瘤状或乳状突起，气孔下陷，栅栏组织及贮水组织发达，构成等面叶及肉质叶，具含晶细胞和粘液细胞；维管束鞘、维管束帽及纤维细胞的存在，增强了植株的坚固性。中生植物叶片及角质层较薄：气孔平置或拱起，栅栏组织及海绵组织同等发育，胞间隙大，为背腹叶，这是典型的中生结构。

The Xeromorphic Structure of Different Typical Plants in Deserts of China

In this paper we have studied fifteen kind of plants of different type about their anatomical structure in deserts of China. The results show that the extreme xerophytes and the xerophytes possess typical xeromorphic structure, and extreme xerophytes are especial striking, such as Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and Haloxylon ammodendron. The basic traits of xeromorphic structures are: thick leaf blades and cuticle; possessing epidermal hairs, glandular hairs, raised things as tumor or breast; hollow stomas; developed palisade tissue and water-storing tissue; forming equilateral leaves and succulent leaves; possessing crystal cells or mucilage cells; existing of vascular sheath, vascular cap and cellulose cell to strengthen plant’s firmness. The leaf blades and the cuticles of mesophytes are thinner, their stomata are levelling or arching up, the palisade tissue and spong tissue not only are same developed but the spaces among cells are bigger and leaves of mesophytes are back-belly leaves. These are typical mesophytic structures.