分层供水施磷对春小麦光合性能、同化产物流向和水分利用效率的影响

利用自制的植物生长装置研究了春小麦在不同土壤湿度和不同部位施用磷素的组合方式对作物光合、同化物分配和水分利用的影响，结果表明：在上干下湿的水分条件下，表层施磷处理其光合速率曲线呈单峰型，而整体湿润条件下不管磷的施用部位如何，其光合速率曲线呈双峰型；表层施磷可以提高作物的净光合速率１１．１８％～１５．５９％；不同的水分处理表层施磷增加光合有效叶面积１７．３６％～３２．９４％；水分利用效率（ＷＵＥ）提高２．３７％～１９．１３％；而且能显著地增加繁殖分配比例，协调根冠生长，增加籽粒产量，这对作物稳产高产有一定的积极作用。

INFLUENCE OF WATER SUPPLY AND PHOSPHORUS APPLICATION IN DIFFERENT DEPTH ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY, DRY MATTER PARTITIONING AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF SPRING WHEAT

In a experiment in which spring wheat plants were grown in the plant growth device made by ourselves,the effects of different soil water regimes and applying phosphorus patterns on photosynthetic efficiencies and water use efficiencies of spring wheat were investigated.The results of the research work reveal that photosynthetic curves had one peak under the condition of applying phosphorus at upper layer of the soil and watering only lower layer,while dual peak was observed under the condition of watering both in upper and lower layer irrespective of the regime in which phosphorus was applied.Net photosynthesis rate,water use efficiency(WUE) and leaf area increased by 11 8% to 15 59%,2 37% to 19 13% and 17 36% to 32 94%,respectively.Harvest index had a significant improvements which harmonized with the ratio of root to shoot,it was helpful for a high and stable yield in the arid areas through phosphorus utilization of upper soil layer.