毛乌素沙地飞播植被与生境演变的研究

飞播造林作为沙地大面积绿洲化的有效的手段，已在毛乌素沙地中运用并取得了显著的成效。本文根据伊金霍洛旗４个播区飞播后十余年的调查资料，分析了杨柴灌丛群落动态变化的特点以及演替的机制，并指出沙地土壤水分生境的改变是群落发生演替的主要原因。随着生境的变化，群落的演替可分为４个阶段：先锋植物群落、杨柴群落、油蒿群落和黑格兰、沙地柏、蒙古莸和柠条等中旱生灌丛群落阶段。为了防止杨柴群落的进一步演替或退化，确保这一人工草场的质量，对群落演替的合理人为干扰，是必要的。

STUDY ON EVOLUTION OF AIR SEEDING VEGETATION AND HABITAT IN MAOWUSU SANDLAND

The air seeding afforestation is a effective method for large areas of oasis making process quickly in sandland.It has obtained obvious effect in Maowusu sandland area.In this paper,based on data from 10 year investigation in 4 air seeding areas of Yijinghuonuo Banner,the dynamic characteristics of Hedysarum laeve community and the successional mechanism were analyzed,indicating that the change of soil water habitat was the most important influencing factor of community succession.The community succession processes were divided into 4 stages according to the change of habitats:pioneering plants communities, Hedysarum laeve community, Artemesia ordosica community,and the stage of mesic,xeric shrubs communities(For example, Rhamnus erythroxylon,Sabina vulgaris,Caragana korshinskii etc.).In order to prevent further succession or degeneration of H.laeve community and to ensure the stability of this grassland,a reasonable artificial interference is necessary.