中国气候－植被关系初探

气候－植被分类必须强调气候因子的综合影响及其指标的区域性。一般的气候观测缺乏在生物学上具有重要与综合的作用或代表性，而区域潜在蒸散包括从所有表面的蒸发与植物蒸腾，并涉及到决定植被分布的两大要素：温度和降水。因此，区域潜在蒸散具有作为植被－气候相关分析与分类的综合气侯指标的功能。本文首次根据区域潜在蒸散对气侯－植被关系的热量与水分指标进行了初步探讨，提出了进行气候－植被关系的热量指标（ＴＩ）和区域湿润指标（ＲＭＩ），并据此对中国气侯－植被关系进行了初步的定量研究。该研究对于了解气候－植被之间的相互关系，正确地评估和预测全球变化对人类及生物所赖以生存的生态环境的影响具有重要的理论和现实意义。

STUDY ON CHINESE CLIMATE-VEGETATION RELATIONSHIP

Global change has received more and more attention for the decades, CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is increasing at a much faster rate than that observed in the historical records. Understanding how terrestrial ecosystems would respond to global change induced by. CO2-enrichment is necessary for ensuring the earth suitable for human existence and sustainable development in future climate. The study on climate-vegetation interaction is the basis for the research of terrestrial ecosystems' responses to global change,mainly including two important parts: climate vegetation classification and net primary Productivity (NPP) of natural vegetation. A new method of climate-vegetation relationship is presented in tile present paper. The potential evapotranspiration (PE) calculated Thornthwaite formula or Penman model represents PE from small evaporating area. It is not able to reflect a regional energy. However, regional potential evapotranspiration (RPE), which can reflect a regional energy, should be used in climate-vegetation relationship. Therefore, it is not suitable to use PE as the index of climate-vegeta-vegetation relationship. According to Bouchet's model and the regional actual evapotranspiration model established by Zhou Guangsheng and Zhang Xinshi (1995),RPE is readily calculated. Two indices of climate-vegetation relationship:thermal index (TI) and regional moisture index (RMI). are suggested. This system is used in China based on the data from 647 meteorological stations.The results show that this system can reflect the distribution of vegetation zones in China. The study will help to study on the distribution of vegetation,to predict the possible impact of global change on terrestrial ecosystems, and to make scientific strategies for the global change.