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木论喀斯特峰丛洼地森林群落空间格局及环境解释
引用本文:宋同清,彭晚霞,曾馥平,王克林,覃文更,谭卫宁,刘璐,杜虎,鹿士杨.木论喀斯特峰丛洼地森林群落空间格局及环境解释[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(3):298-308.
作者姓名:宋同清  彭晚霞  曾馥平  王克林  覃文更  谭卫宁  刘璐  杜虎  鹿士杨
作者单位:中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125; 中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站, 广西环江 547100;湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院, 长沙 410128; 广西壮族自治区木论国家级自然保护区管理局, 广西环江 547200
基金项目:国家自然科学基金,国家科技支撑计划项目,中国科学院西部行动计划项目,中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划和国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)课题 
摘    要: 基于广西壮族自治区木论国家级自然保护区典型峰丛洼地景观尺度内不同微生境条件和植物群落类型50个样地(20 m × 20 m)的系统取样调查, 用二元物种指示方法(TWINSPAN)对样地内胸径(DBH) ≥ 1 cm的木本植物进行分类, 选择10个土壤环境因子和5个空间因子, 利用除趋势典范对应分析(DCCA)研究了森林群落分布的土壤环境与空间格局, 并给予定量化的合理解释。结果如下: 1) TWINSPAN将森林群落划分为11组, 在三级水平上分为4类生态群落类型。2) DCCA第一排序轴集中了排序的大部分信息, 突出反映了各森林群落所在的坡向和土壤主要养分梯度, 沿第一轴从左到右, 坡向由阴转阳,岩石裸露率越来越高, 土壤主要养分逐渐降低, 森林群落分别出现了由原生性和耐阴性强逐步向阳性先锋树种为主的次生林和人工林变化的格局。3)因子分离分析结果表明, 土壤环境因子对森林群落分布格局的解释能力为39.16%, 其中21.02%单纯由土壤环境因子所引起, 空间因子的解释能力为31.34%, 其中13.16%独立于土壤环境的变化, 18.15%是土壤环境和空间因子相互耦合作用的结果, 不可解释部分达47.66%, 表明喀斯特峰丛洼地森林群落的物种共存受生态位分化理论和中性理论双重控制。

关 键 词:除趋势典范对应分析  森林群落  木论喀斯特峰丛洼地  空间格局  二元物种指示方法
收稿时间:2009-08-10

Spatial pattern of forest communities and environmental interpretation in Mulun National Nature Reserve,karst cluster-peak depression region
SONG Tong-Qing,PENG Wan-Xia,ZENG Fu-Ping,WANG Ke-Lin,QIN Wen-Geng,TAN Wei-Ning,LIU Lu,DU Hu,LU Shi-Yang.Spatial pattern of forest communities and environmental interpretation in Mulun National Nature Reserve,karst cluster-peak depression region[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2010,34(3):298-308.
Authors:SONG Tong-Qing  PENG Wan-Xia  ZENG Fu-Ping  WANG Ke-Lin  QIN Wen-Geng  TAN Wei-Ning  LIU Lu  DU Hu  LU Shi-Yang
Institution:SONG Tong-Qing1,2,PENG Wan-Xia1,3,ZENG Fu-Ping1,WANG Ke-Lin1,QIN Wen-Geng4,TAN Wei-Ning4,LIU Lu1,DU Hu1,, LU Shi-Yang1,2 1Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China,2Huanjiang Observation , Research Station of Karst Ecosystem,Huanjiang,Guangxi 547100,3College of Bioscience , Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,, 4Admin...
Abstract:Aims Mulun National Nature Reserve is rich in typical natural evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest communities. However, little is known about the spatial pattern of vegetation and its relation with environment. Our objective was to investigate the spatial pattern of woody vegetation (DBH ≥ 1 cm) communities and its environmental interpretation.Methods Fifty sample plots of 20 m×20 m dimensions were established based on microhabitats and vegetation community types in Mulun National Nature Reserve, typical karst cluster-peak depression region. We analyzed data collected on woody plants (DBH ≥1 cm) in the plots, spatial pattern of woody vegetation communities and relationships with environmental factors (10 soil factors and 5 topographical factors) using two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA).Important findings The forest communities were divided into 11 vegetation groups and were classified into 4 eco-types at the third level by TWINSPAN. The first DCCA axis accounted for the largest fraction of the variation of the ordination and showed gradients of slope direction and major soil nutrients. Along the first axis, the pattern of communities ranged from primary forest with shade-tolerant plants towards secondary and manmade forests with shade-intolerant and pioneer plants, accompanying a shift from shady to sunny slopes, an increase in the ratio of bare rocks in the ground cover and a steady decline in major soil nutrients. The effects of soil environmental factors, spatial factors and their interaction on the total variation of forest communities' pattern were quantita-tively partitioned following Borcard et al. and showed that the contribution rates were 21.02% for soil environ-mental factors separately, 18.15% for soil environmental factors coupled with spatial factors, 13.16% for spatial factors separately and 47.66% for other undetermined factors. This indicated species coexistence was controlled by both niche differentiation and unified neutral theory of biodiversity.
Keywords:DCCA ordination  forest community  karst cluster-peak depression in Mulun National Nature Reserve  spatial pattern  two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) classification
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