生物圈保护区的概念及其若干问题—以锡林郭勒草原自然保护区为例

 锡林郭勒草原自然保护区于1988年加入国际生物圈保护区网络，但它在功能格局和管理机构协调等方面仍存在若干问题，尚未是一个功能齐全的生物圈保护区。因此，关于功能格局，作者建议增设湿地生态系统核心区和缓冲区；在草甸草原和典型草原核心区之外设立缓冲区、调整和扩大沙地白扦云杉林与山杨林的缓冲区；重视过渡区的协作。作者并就管理机构协调提出8项建议，强调牧场、保护区管理处、中国科学院内蒙古草原生态系统定位站和牧民之间的协作。

BIOSPHERE RESERVE CONCEPT AND A NUMBER OF RELATED PROBLEMS AS ILLUSTRATED BY THE XILINGUOLE STEPPE NATURAL RESERVE

The Xilinguole Steppe Natural Reserve was set up in August 1985 and designated as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO/MAB in 1988. Its planning was assessed and compared with the general principles of a biosphere reserve and was found to have several faults in its functional pattern and institutional cooperation, which makes it far from being a fully functioning biosphere reserve.As regards the functional pattern the author suggests that:1. In addition to the five core areas for meadow steppe, typical steppe and forests in the reserve, the abundant wetland vegetation and the corresponding wetland ecosystems along the Xilin River and lakes sh- ould be taken into account and a core area located in the river's upstream should therefore be established;2. Conservative management and environmental monitoring activities could be performed in the core areas;3. The buffer zone surrounding the Picea meyeri forest core area should be combined with that surrounding the core area of Populus-Betula forest so as to form a broader buffer zone, so that coniferous forests, deciduous broadleave forests, brushwood and meadow steppe landscapes would merge into an entity;4. Within the transition area effective cooperation amongst various institutions and local pastoralists should be established and enhanced;As regards the institutional cooperation the followingsuggestions are put forward:1. To organize a cooperative committee in which meetings can be held by the representatives from the Conservational Pureau, Baiyinxile Livestock Farm and Inner Mongolia Grassland Ecosystem Research Station of Academia Sinica as well as local people;2. To draw up a master plan which taks into account all the core areas.