神农架龙门河地区的植被制图及植被现状分析

依据龙门河地区所处位置的植被地理分布规律性 ,绘制了该地区 1∶50 0 0 0的植被复原图。并在野外调查、资料搜集的基础上 ,辅以全球定位系统 (GPS)、GIS软件及TM影像数据 ,绘制了该地区 1∶50 0 0 0的植被类型图。结果表明 :1 )植被海拔分布由低至高依次为常绿阔叶林 (海拔 90 0m以下 ) ,硬叶常绿阔叶林 (海拔 90 0～ 1 30 0m)、常绿落叶阔叶混交林 (海拔 1 30 0～ 1 60 0m)以及落叶阔叶林 (海拔 1 60 0～ 2 2 0 0m)。 2 )龙门河地区林地面积 441 9.2hm2 ,占该地区总面积的 93 .71 % ,共计 8个植被型 65个群系。其中常绿落叶阔叶混交林面积最大 ,为 1 674.0 9hm2 ,占林地面积的 37.88%。另外 ,果园 (3种类型 )和农田两种农业用地面积 2 2 8.1 2hm2 ,占总面积的 4 .84%。 3)由植被复原图与现状植被类型图叠加分析可知 ,干扰后增加了针叶林、针阔混交林、灌丛、草地 4种植被类型 ,占龙门河地区总面积的 34 .6 %。其中针阔混交林所占面积最大 ,996 .79hm2 。

VEGETATION MAPPING AND ANALYSIS AT LONGMENHE REGION, SHENNONGJIA,CHINA

In this paper, we presented a restorative vegetation map according to the geographic position of the region, the rules of vegetation distribution along an altitude gradient, and so on. In addition, texture feature images and ancillary data including the topographic map, the documentary data and the field sampling data were collected and used for improving classification. The result of vegetation mapping showed that the restorative vegetation are categorized evergreen broad_leaved forest (under 900 m), evergreen and deciduous broad_leaved mixed forest(from 900 to 1600 m)and deciduous broad_leaved forest (from 1600 to 2200 m) respectively;The total forest area of Longmenhe region is about 4419.2 hm 2,occupying 93.71% of the total area. In the vegetation map, 65 formations under eight vegetation types were classified. Among these vegetation types, the evergreen and deciduous broad_leaved mixed forest covered the largest area. Its area was 1674.09 hm 2, occuping 37.88% in terms of area. In addition, the area of both orchard and farmland covered 228.12 hm 2, accounting for 4.84 % of this region. From the overlaid restorative vegetation map with the formation map and further analysis, coniferous forest, coniferous and deciduous broad_leaved mixed forest, shrubbery and meadow appear in this region as a result of human disturbance. The area of four vegetation types is about 34.6%. Coniferous and deciduous broad_leaved mixed forest is the dominant type in this area.