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臭氧污染与陆地生态系统生产力
引用本文:任巍,田汉勤.臭氧污染与陆地生态系统生产力[J].植物生态学报,2007,31(2):219-230.
作者姓名:任巍  田汉勤
作者单位:1 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101; 2 美国奥本大学林业与野生生物学院,生态系统与区域研究实验室,奥本 AL36849,美国; 3 中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049
基金项目:美国NASA交叉学科计划;美国能源部全球变化资助项目;美国环保局STAR资助项目;中国科学院引进国外杰出人才基金;国家自然科学基金海外合作研究项目
摘    要: 空气污染的严重性、普遍性和不断发展的趋势及其对陆地生态系统生产力造成的重大影响已引起科学工作者的高度重视,成为一个急需解决的重要课题。对流层臭氧(O3)在空气污染现状与未来发展趋势中占据重要角色,该文重点探讨了O3对陆地生态系统生产力的光合、分配、生长和产量形成等主要过程的影响及其对整个生态系统的长期效应,并评述了相关研究方法进展。主要结论包括:O3在生产力形成过程中的每个环节中都有着不同程度的负面影响,通过影响光合作用和气孔导度,减少根冠比改变碳分配量,而最终导致粮食生产和森林生物量损失率高达30%;气候变化、CO2和O3协同作用对植物影响较为复杂,有促进也有抑制;生态系统模拟已成为研究O3污染影响陆地生态系统生产力的主要方法之一,在 区域 评估和未来气候预测方面都具有重要作用。

关 键 词:空气污染  臭氧  陆地生态系统生产力  生态系统模式
修稿时间:2006-11-15

EFFECTS OF OZONE POLLUTION ON TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY
REN Wei,TIAN Han-Qin.EFFECTS OF OZONE POLLUTION ON TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2007,31(2):219-230.
Authors:REN Wei  TIAN Han-Qin
Institution:1Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; 2 Ecosystem Science and Regional Analysis Laboratory, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn AL36849, USA; 3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Abstract:Air pollution is a key factor that threatens earth’s ecosystems and sustainability. Tropospheric ozonecontinues to be of major concern in the field of air pollution effects on terrestrial ecosystem productivity. In this paper, we have reviewed recent progresses in the studies of ozone effects on terrestrial production processes (including plant photosynthesis, carbon allocation, plant growth and crop yield), nutrient cycling, and species composition. Increased evidence shows that ozone can reduce the capability of photosynthesis by influencing leaf area and stomatal conductance, and alters the pattern of carbon allocation between shoot and root. Previous studies have also shown that elevated ozone could result in a maximum loss of 30% crop yield or forest production. However, little is known about how elevated ozone affects decomposition, nutrient cycling, species composition and trophic dynamics. There is an urgent need to investigate the synergetic effects of ozone pollution and climate change on terrestrial ecosystems. To address such a complex and large-scale environmental problem, spatially-explicit process-based ecosystem models have been used extensively in recent years. To advance our understanding of how air pollution and climate change influence terrestrial ecosystem productivity, further studies are needed to address multifactor experiments in the field and enhance the interaction between field studies and modeling.
Keywords:air pollution  ozone  terrestrial ecosystem productivity  ecosystem model
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