水生植物群落动态与演替的研究

 本文根据10年定位研究的结果，讨论了哈尔滨朱顺泡(湖)水生植物的种类组成和动态变化；分析了群落建群种的替代及其影响因素；指出水体变浅是导致水生植物群落演替的关键因素。同时利用盖度、密度、频度和重要值等计算了群落的数量特征，并按重要值划分了不同演替阶段的优势种和亚优势种；根据生活型确定了群落的分层结构；建立了群落生物量的分层模型。随着湖底上垫作用的进行，物种的消失速率在加快；实验证明透明度仅影响沉水植物的分布，而营养盐含量低是群落生产力限制因子。

STUDY ON THE DYNAMIC AND SUCCESSION OF AQUATIC MACROPHYTE COMMUNITIES IN THE ZHUSHUN LAKE, HARBIN

In this paper, I discussed the species composition and dynamics of aquatic macrophytes in the Zhushun Lake based upon results of 10 years observations. I also analyzed the replacement of construction species and its affecting factors. It appears that lake siltation is the key factor responsible for the succession of aquatic macrophyte communities. Coverage, density, frequency and importance value were used to describe the quantitative characteristics of the community. The dominant and subdominant species at different stages of the succession were classified based on importance values. The stratification of the communities was determined by using the life-form spectrum of the community. The biomass models of the above and under-water strata were established. The results show that the disappearing rate of species accelerates as the accumulation rate of lake sediments increases. It also demonstrates that the transparency of water only affects the distribution of the submerged plants, and the orthophosphorus concentration of the water is one of the factors limiting the productivity of aquatic macrophyte communities.