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海洋有害赤潮的生物防治对策
引用本文:王悠,俞志明.海洋有害赤潮的生物防治对策[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(4):665-671.
作者姓名:王悠  俞志明
作者单位:(中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,青岛266071)
基金项目:国家自然科学基金,国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划),国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)
摘    要: 该文综述了海洋有害赤潮治理的生物方法。细菌、寄生虫和病毒等微型生物是天然水体中具有调节藻类种群动态平衡的重要潜在因子,它们的繁殖速度非常快,并具有宿主的专一性,是一种非常有潜质的赤潮调控因子。根据生态系统中的食物链关系,通过引入赤潮生物的天敌来防治赤潮也是一种治理方法。浮游动物和一些滤食性的贝类在水体中与赤潮生物共存,并能以这些赤潮生物为食,是具有明显赤潮治理功效的生物控制剂。另一方面,利用大型海藻与微藻间的相生相克和营养竞争等作用在养殖区域内进行赤潮的防控被认为具有较强的理论和实践意义。该文详细介绍了上述方法的原理、可行性以及局限性,并就今后的研究方向进行了展望。

关 键 词:有害赤潮  生物对策  防治  海洋
修稿时间:2004年4月20日

BIOLOGICAL STRATEGIES IN CONTROLLING OR MITIGATING MARINE HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS (HABS)
WANG You,YU Zhi-ming.BIOLOGICAL STRATEGIES IN CONTROLLING OR MITIGATING MARINE HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS (HABS)[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2005,29(4):665-671.
Authors:WANG You  YU Zhi-ming
Institution:(Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract:This paper provides a review of some biological control or mitigation strategies for HABs, a problem worldwide in coastal waters. Bacteria, viruses and parasites are abundant in marine ecosystems and their abilities for rapid replication and host-specificity make them attractive HAB controlling agents; however, potential ecological impacts need to be taken into account. Species interactions between bloom microalgae and other algae play essential roles in affecting the phytoplankton sequence either by competing for the available nutrient supply or by secreting extracellular organic substances (allelopathy) into the environmental medium. This control strategy is not well understood due to a lack of experimental data, especially under natural conditions. Grazing of phytoplankton by zooplankton and suspension-feeding benthos is also considered a promising control agent, but this approach has many logistical problems and is a long way from the application stage. Collectively, some of the biological strategies discussed are decades from possible implementation, but others are further developed and thus worth considering in the immediate future.
Keywords:Harmful algal bloom (HAB)  Biological strategies  Mitigation  Marine ecosystems
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