草酸钙结晶在几种凤仙花属植物中的特征及其分类学意义

首次研究了7种凤仙花属(ImpatiensL.)植物茎的解剖学及细胞组织中草酸钙结晶的特征.结果表明,7种凤仙花属植物茎的解剖学结构非常近似,而茎中草酸钙结晶特征则差异显著,7种凤仙花属植物茎中均有草酸钙针晶,根据草酸钙结晶形态特征的不同,将针晶分为3种类型,即针晶束、针晶簇和散针晶.其中,黄金凤、长角凤仙花、锐齿凤仙花和红纹凤仙花有针晶束分布,而湖北凤仙花、紫花黄金凤和窄萼凤仙花则无针晶束分布,只有针晶簇或散针晶分布;此外,针晶的形态、长度、排列方式及丰富程度等在不同的物种中亦有差异.草酸钙结晶特征对凤仙花属植物的分类具有一定的科学意义.

Characteristics of Calcium Oxalate Crystals of Several Species in Impatiens and Their Taxonomic Significance

Stem morphology and characteristics of calcium oxalate crystals in seven species in Impatiens were studied.The results showed that there were little anatomical differences between the seven species,but the diversity of the characteristics of calcium oxalate crystals was big.All of the seven species in Impatiens contain raphides.According to morphological characters of the raphides,three types of the raphides were divided as follows: focal raphides,clustered raphides and scattered raphides.The focal raphides appeared in Impatiens siculife,I.longicornuta,I.leveillei and I.rubro-striata.While no focal raphides and only clustered raphides or scattered raphides were observed in the rest three species,which were I.pritzelii,I.siculifer var.porphyrea and I.stenosepala.Besides,the shape,length,distribution and the abundance degree of the raphides are different among the seven species in Impatiens.The characteristic of calcium oxalate crystals seems to be of important significance in Impatiens taxon.