The Effect of Nisin and Monensin on Ruminal Fermentations In Vitro |
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Authors: | Todd R Callaway Alexandra MS Carneiro De Melo James B Russell |
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Institution: | (1) Section of Microbiology, Cornell University, Wing Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA , US;(2) Division of Life Sciences, King's College London, London W8 7AH, UK , GB;(3) Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA , US |
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Abstract: | When mixed ruminal bacteria and alfalfa were incubated in vitro, monensin and nisin both inhibited methane production so
long as the concentrations were greater than 1 μM. Monensin- and nisin-dependent methane depressions caused a decrease in
the acetate to propionate ratio (4.5 to 3.0). Total volatile fatty acid production was decreased by both monensin and nisin
addition at concentrations greater than 2 μM. Starch-digesting ruminal bacteria were initially inhibited by monensin and nisin,
but this effect disappeared after two to four transfers. Nisin always inhibited cellulolytic bacteria, but the nisin-dependent
inhibition of cellulose digestion was no greater than the inhibition caused by monensin. Monensin and nisin also inhibited
amino acid degradation, and nisin was more effective than monensin in controlling the growth of Clostridium aminophilum, an obligate amino acid-fermenting ruminal bacterium that can tolerate low concentrations of monensin. Because nisin was
as potent as monensin, bacteriocins such as nisin may have potential as feed additives.
Received: 2 December 1996 / Accepted: 10 February 1997 |
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