热量限制及其模拟物的延衰作用

热量限制是一种有效的延缓衰老的方法,它不仅能延长实验动物的寿命,还能推迟和减少多种老龄相关疾病的发生,但长期严格的热量限制对人类较难实施,因此类似的人体试验相对较少。基于对热量限制抗衰老作用机制的研究促使了热量限制模拟物的出现,使得热量限制这种延衰策略在人类施行成为可能。本文介绍了热量限制延衰机制的最新研究进展,并根据热量限制模拟物作用机制的不同,分别对下游型热量限制模拟物AMPK激活剂、m TOR抑制剂和Sirtuins激活剂,及上游型热量限制模拟物2-脱氧葡萄糖、D-葡糖胺和壳聚糖进行综述。

Recent Anti-Aging Studies with Caloric Restriction and Its Mimetics

Caloric restriction(CR)is a very effective method to delay aging.It not only extends the life span of experimental animals,but also delays and reduces the incidence of a variety of age-related diseases.However,CR is not a long-term anti-aging strategy that can be applied to humans as it has many unknown effects on humans.Therefore,research into the anti-aging mechanism of CR has led to the emergence of CR mimetics,which appears to be more suitable for application in human.This review summarizes the latest research progress on the anti-aging mechanisms of CR.It also discusses the advances made in the research relating to the downstream caloric restriction mimetics,including AMPK activator,mTOR inhibitor and Sirtuins activator,as well as the upstream caloric restriction mimics,including 2-deoxy glucose,d-glucosamine and chitosan.