基于红外相机技术对广东鼎湖山及其周边林地的鸟兽调查

本研究采用公里网格抽样方案, 在广东鼎湖山国家级自然保护区及其周边林地(烂柯山省级自然保护区和小湘林区)选取3个监测样地, 共设置60个红外相机监测位点, 对区域内大中型兽类和地面活动鸟类开展物种编目清查与评估。2017年1月至2018年12月, 红外相机累计工作34,212个相机日, 共获得独立有效照片11,725份。共记录到75种野生动物, 隶属于13目32科63属, 包括兽类12种、鸟类63种, 其中国家一级重点保护动物有1种, 即中华穿山甲(Manis pentadactyla), 国家二级重点保护动物有9种。兽类中相对多度指数排前三的依次为野猪(Sus scrofa)、鼬獾(Melogale moschata)和赤麂(Muntiacus vaginalis); 鸟类依次为白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、橙头地鸫(Geokichla citrina)和紫啸鸫(Myophonus caeruleus)。三个监测样地的相对多度指数排前三的物种基本一致, 其中鼎湖山的白鹇相对多度指数最高; 小湘的豹猫(Prionailurus bengalensis)相对多度指数位列第三, 仅次于野猪和鼬獾; 烂柯山相对多度指数排前三的鸟类则依次为画眉(Garrulax canorus)、灰胸竹鸡(Bambusicola thoracicus)和红嘴相思鸟(Leiothrix lutea)。本研究为广东鼎湖山及其周边林地生物多样性监测与评估提供了数据参考。

Mammals and birds survey using camera trapping in Dinghushan and its surrounding forests,Guangdong Province

In this study, we monitored terrestrial birds and mammals based on the 60 camera trapping sites (each with 1 km × 1 km grid) from three monitoring plots in the Dinghushan National Nature Reserve and its surrounding forests (Lankeshan Provincial Nature Reserve and Xiaoxiang forest) in Guangdong Province. A total of 11,725 independent images were collected with up to 34,212 camera-days from January 2017 to December 2018. We recorded 75 species belonging to 13 orders, 32 families, and 63 genera. There were 12 mammal species and 63 bird species, among which Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) was listed as Class І National Key Protected and 9 species were listed as Class II National Key Protected Species in China. According to the relative abundance index (RAI), the top three mammal species with highest RAIs were Sus scrofa, Melogale moschata, and Muntiacus vaginalis. The top three avian species with highest RAI were Lophura nycthemera, Geokichla citrina, and Myophonus caeruleus. The top three mammal and bird species with highest RAI were mostly consistent among the monitoring plots. Silver pheasant had the highest RAI in Dinghushan. Prionailurus bengalensis was ranked third after Sus scrofa and Melogale moschata in Xiaoxiang forest. The top three avian species with the highest RAIs in Lankeshan were Garrulax canorus, Bambusicola thoracicus, and Leiothrix lutea. This study provides basic data for biodiversity monitoring and assessment in the Dinghushan National Nature Reserve and its surrounding forests.