多叶重楼遗传多样性的RAPD分析

应用RAPD技术检测了多叶重楼(Paris polyphyfzo)2个变种4个居群的遗传多样性，并与1个凌云重楼(P．cronquistii)居群进行了比较。选择的16个随机引物在5个居群中共检测到246个多态位点。在居群水平上，滇重楼2个居群的多态位点百分比(PP鳓分别为57．43％和54．67%，Shannon指数分别为0．3080和0．2830；七叶一枝花2个居群的PPB分别为56．33％和57．75%，Shannon指数分别为0、3080和0．3293。在变种水平上，滇重楼的PPB为75．14％，Shannon指数为0．3922，遗传分化系数(Gst)为0．3085；七叶一枝花的PPB为80．31％，Shannon指数为0．3992，遗传分化系数(Gst)为0．3726；在种的水平PPB达92．05%，遗传分化系数Gst达0．5151。聚类分析显示滇重楼和七叶一枝花有较近的亲缘关系，而与凌云重楼遗传距离较远。此结果从分子水平上支持了过去将滇重楼和七叶一枝花划分为1个种下2个变种的形态分类观点。

RAPD variation within and among four populations of Paris polyphylla

The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was applied to assess the genetic diversity and structure of four populations of two varieties of Paris polyphylla. As a control, a population of P. cronquistii was compared with the four P. polyphylla populations to determine their phylogenetic relationships. Using 16 random primers, a total of 246 RAPD polymorphic loci were detected. At the population level, the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPB) of two populations of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was 57.4% and 54.67%, while Shannon information index (I) was 0.3080 and 0.2830, respectively. The PPB of two P. polyphylla var. chinensis populations was 56.33% and 57.75%, while Shannon information index (I) were 0.3080 and 0.3293, respectively. At the variety level, the PPB, I and Gst values of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were 75.14%, 0.3922, and 0.3085, respectively, while those of P. polyphylla var. chinensis was 80.31%, 0.3992, and 0.3726, respectively. At the species level, the PPB was 92.05%, and Gst was 0.5151. The UPGMA dendrogram showed that the two varieties of P. polyphylla are more related to each other than to P. cronquistii, which supports the previous treatment of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and P. polyphylla var. chinensis as two varieties within P. polyphylla based on gross morphology.