应用微卫星标记分析中国地方鸡种的遗传变异

利用 8个微卫星位点对中国 9个地方鸡种和 1个引进品种进行了遗传检测。计算出了各品种的平均杂合度、平均多态信息含量 (PIC)及品种间的遗传距离 ,并进行了系统聚类。结果表明 :8个微卫星位点上共检测到了5 4个等位基因 ,每个位点上平均为 6 .75个。各位点平均多态信息含量为 0 .5 0 71～ 0 .74 34,均表现出了高度多态性。各群体平均杂合度较高 ,为 0 .5 5 6 4～ 0 .7135 ,说明我国地方鸡种有着较丰富的遗传多样性。地方鸡种间的遗传距离相对较远 ,10个鸡种共分为三大类。研究结果对我国鸡种资源的评估、保存和预测杂种优势具有一定的指导意义

Analysis of genetic variation of Chinese native chicken breeds using microsatellite markers

Genetic variation of ten chicken breeds, including nine native breeds and one introduced breed Yellow Bantam from France, was studied using eight microsatellite markers covering seven chromosomes. A total of 54 alleles were detected from eight microsatellite loci, and the average number of alleles per locus was 6.75. All microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic, with the mean PIC ranging from 0.5071 to 0.7434. All populations showed high levels of heterozygosity with the lowest value of 0.5564 for Yellow Bantam and the highest value of 0.7135 for Xianju chickens. A dendrogram was constructed based on DA distance. The ten populations grouped into three clusters: the introduced breed formed a separate branch, while the second branch comprised Chahua chickens and Gushi chickens, and the third branch included the other seven native chicken breeds. The results may be useful as an initial guide in evaluating the level of genetic variation, developing conservation strategies and predicting heterosis.