石门台自然保护区蝴蝶特种多样性研究

1999年6月～2003年4月间，对广东石门台自然保护区的蝴蝶进行了调查，共记录到蝴蝶361种，分隶于11科190属。其中中国特有种51 种，占总数的14.1%；国家保护种10种，占我国两次颁布（1989和2000年）的保护物种名录中蝴蝶总数量（83种）的12.0%。通过以人工林生境为主的试验区、次生林生境为主的缓冲区和原生林生境为主的核心区等3个功能区中选择样点进行的蝴蝶多样性分析表明，缓冲区的物种多样性及科、属多样性均较高，且有众多的珍稀物种，是一个重要的蝴蝶生息地，应加强管制。进一步说明了保护蝶类的根本在于护林，进而为保护好广东省目前面积最大的自然保护区——石门台自然保护区的生物多样性及不可多得的自然遗产——热带亚热带低地森林提供依据。此外，本文将科、属多样性与物种多样性综合起来考虑，同时使用Shannon-Wiener指数与G-F指数，较为全面地评价了该保护区蝴蝶的群落多样性。

Species diversity of butterflies in Shimentai Nature Reserve, Guangdong

Surveys in Shimentai Nature Reserve from June 1999 to April 2003 recorded 361 species of butterflies, which are classified into 190 genera in 11 families. Among these, endemic Chinese species and nationally endangered species accounted for 14.1% and 12.0%, respectively. The analysis of the coefficient of butterfly communities in the experimental, buffer and core zones of the reserve indicates that the similarity between the experimental and core zones was the lowest among all comparisons. The species and community diversity of the three representative areas was analyzed by using the G F and Shannon-Wiener indices. Both indices from the buffer zone were higher than other areas. The results indicated that the buffer zone is a stopover site for many endangered species, suggesting that the protection of this area is very important for butterfly conservation. The results also suggested that conservation of forests is a key measure for protecting butterflies in Shimentai Nature Reserve, the largest nature reserve of Guangdong Province for tropical and subtropical lowland forests. As the G F index reflects the diversity of higher classification units of the community, it is a very useful diversity index for the analysis of butterfly communities. The combination of the G F index and Shannon Wiener index provides a comprehensive measure to evaluate community diversity.