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色林错渔业生产的现状与可持续利用的对策
引用本文:陈毅峰,何德奎,蔡斌.色林错渔业生产的现状与可持续利用的对策[J].生物多样性,2001,9(1):85-89.
作者姓名:陈毅峰  何德奎  蔡斌
作者单位:1. 中国科学院水生生物研究所,
2. 西藏自治区水产局,
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1998040803),中国科学院“九五”重点项目(KZ952-31-101)和农业部“九五”重点项目(渔95-B- 96-10-01-05)
摘    要:色林错裸鲤(Gymnocypris selincuoensis)是藏北色林错湖泊中惟一的一种鱼类。本文介绍了色林错渔业的开发利用情况,并对色林错裸鲤最小捕捞年龄、捕捞强度、最小网目以及最佳年捕捞产量进行了探讨。从可持续发展的角度,我们认为对色林错鱼类资源的利用必须以保证现有湖泊生态系统的稳定为核心,在满足维持一个足够数量及年龄结构的繁殖群体的基础上,以获得最佳持续经济利益为目标。以往强调甚至采用的最大持续产量理论在高原极端环境条件下并不能作为鱼类资源利用的追求目标或确定渔产量的标准,而只能作为对其捕捞强度的参考。总的允许渔获量应当根据最适捕捞死亡率F0.2来确定。本文最后提出了色林错湖泊鱼类资源可持续利用的8条具体措施。

关 键 词:渔业现状  可持续利用  色林错  西藏  鱼类资源
文章编号:1005-0094(2001)01-0085-05
收稿时间:2000-6-5
修稿时间:2000年6月5日

Status and sustainable utilization of fishery resources of Selincuo Lake, northern Tibet
CHEN Yi-Feng,HE De-Kui,Cai Bin.Status and sustainable utilization of fishery resources of Selincuo Lake, northern Tibet[J].Biodiversity Science,2001,9(1):85-89.
Authors:CHEN Yi-Feng  HE De-Kui  Cai Bin
Institution:CHEN Yi-Feng1,HE De-Kui1,CAI Bin2 1 Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072 2 The Bureau of Aquatic Products,Xizang Autonomous Region,Lasa 850000
Abstract:Selincuo Naked Carp(Gymnocypris selincuoensis) is the only fish species distributed in Selincuo Lake. Little had been known before we studied its biological characters since 1997. Based on its age composition, growth rate, feeding, reproduction and stock structure, the present paper introduced the fishery history of Selincuo Lake and discussed the relationship between fishery catch and minimum catchable age, fishing mortality, mesh size and optimal sustainable yield. To get sustainable economic profits, exploitation of fishery resources of Selincuo Lake must focus on stability of lake ecosystem, and thus maintain a sufficient recruitment population of Selincuo Naked Carp. Because of the extreme environment condition on the Tibetan Plateau and special biological characters of Selincuo Naked Carp, the model of maximum sustainable fish yield suitable for temperate zones can not be adopted in Selincuo Lake. The total allowed catch should be taken at an optimal fishing mortality of F 0.2. Finally, we put forward eight strategies for sustainable development of fishery as follows: 1) because of the characteristics of growth and reproduction of Selincuo Naked Carp and the climatic conditions of northerb Tibet Plateau, fishing season in Selincuo Lake should be condensed to winter season; 2) according to present studies, the annual fishery yield of Selincuo Naked Carp can be increased from 700 ton to 2000 ton in Selincuo Lake; 3) studies on population dynamics of Selincuo Naked Carp becomes more important when its annual yield rises; 4) the catchable individuals should be elder than 12 years of age, longer than 290 mm and weightier than 350 g; 5) the individuals harbouring tapeworms should be sorted out for producing industrial fishmeal; 6) promote the consumption of aquatic products of local people so as to maintain a economic profit; 7) introduction of exotic fish species should be strictly limited, and 8) management of fishery production of Selincuo Lake should be improved.
Keywords:fishery status  sustainable utilization  Selincuo Lake  northern Tibet
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