湖南丹霞地貌区的苔藓植物多样性

丹霞地貌是一种特殊的红层地貌,拥有独特的植被和植物区系组成。苔藓植物在丹霞地貌植被演替中具有重要的生态意义,但其基本的种类组成和分布却不清楚。通过野外考察和标本鉴定,共发现湖南丹霞地貌区苔藓植物53科96属174种(包括变种和亚种),其中苔类植物21科24属36种,藓类植物32科72属138种,其中台湾曲柄藓(Campylopus taiwanensis)、芒尖毛口藓(Trichostomum zanderi)、小火藓(Schlotheimia pungens)、中华细枝藓(Lindergiasinensis)、疏叶叶苔(Jungermannia laxifolia)和刺叶拟蒴囊苔(Saccogynidium irregularispinosum)等6种为中国特有种;铜绿净口藓(Gymnostomum aeruginosum)、稀枝钱苔(Riccia huebeneriana)、羽枝片叶苔(Riccardia multifida)等30个种为湖南新记录种。在174种中,稀有种为87种,如梨蒴珠藓(Bartramia pomiformis)、小火藓、毛枝藓(Pilotrichopsisdentata)等,这些种大多生态幅狭窄,对生境要求较苛刻,常见种(22种)和非常常见种(30种)共52种,多为生境广泛种或世界广布种,如地钱(Marchantia polymorpha)等。文中还提供了详细的湖南丹霞地貌苔藓名录及其凭证标本信息,并建议优先保护崀山无底洞和万佛山三十六湾两个苔藓丰富的小区。

The bryophyte diversity of the Danxia landform in Hunan, China

The Danxia landform is a special red bed landform with distinct vegetation and flora. Although bryophytes play an important role in succession of vegetation, their diversity and distribution throughout the Danxia landform is unknown. Based on the systematic field surveys and microscopic identification of 710 specimens, we found 174 species in 96 genera from 53 families in the Danxia landform in Hunan, of which 36 species in 24 genera from 21 families were liverworts and 138 species in 72 genera from 32 families were mosses. Among these, 6 species were endemic to China, including Campylopus taiwanensis, Trichostomum zanderi, Schlotheimia pungens, Lindergia sinensis, Jungermannia laxifolia, and Saccogynidium irregularispinosum. Thirty species are newly recorded in Hunan, such as Gymnostomum aeruginosum, Riccia huebeneriana, and Riccardia multifida. Based on the size of ecological range, 87 species were classified as rare, such as Bartramia pomiformis, Schlotheimia pungens, and Pilotrichopsis dentate, while 52 species were common or very common, such as Marchantia polymorpha. Herein, we provide a detailed checklist of bryophytes of the Danxia landform. We also put forward suggestions to increase conservation efforts in the Danxia landform.