Stress tolerance,genetic analysis and symbiotic properties of root-nodulating bacteria isolated from Mediterranean leguminous shrubs in Central Spain |
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Authors: | Beatriz Ruiz-Díez Susana Fajardo Miguel Angel Puertas-Mejía María del Rosario de Felipe Mercedes Fernández-Pascual |
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Institution: | (1) Departamento de Fisiología y Ecología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales (IRN), Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales (CCMA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano, 115 dpdo, 28006 Madrid, Spain;(2) Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia |
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Abstract: | Nine root-nodulating bacterial isolates were obtained from the leguminous shrubs Spartium junceum, Adenocarpus hispanicus, Cytisus purgans, Cytisus
laburnuum, Retama sphaerocarpa and Colutea arborescens in areas of Central Spain. A poliphasic approach analyzing phenotypic, symbiotic and genetic properties was used to study
their diversity and characterize them in relation to Mediterranean conditions. Stress tolerance assays revealed marked variations
in salinity, extreme pH and cadmium tolerance compared with reference strains, with the majority showing salinity, alkalinity
and Cd tolerance and three of them growing at acid pH. Variation within the 16S rRNA gene was examined by amplified 16S rDNA
restriction analysis (ARDRA) and direct sequencing to show genetic diversity. Phylogeny confirmed the close relationship of
four isolates with Bradyrhizobium canariense, three with Phylobacterium myrsinacearum, one with Rhizobium rhizogenes and another with Mesorhizobium huakuii. The cross inoculation tests revealed wide spectra of nodulation. This is the first report of P. myrsinacearum being able to nodulate these leguminous shrubs, and also the first time reported the association between B.canariense, R. rhizogenes and M. huakuii and C. laburnuum, C. purgans and C. arborescens, respectively. These results suggested that native rhizobia could be suitable candidates as biofertilizers and/or inoculants
of leguminous shrubs with restoration or revegetation purposes in Mediterranean areas. |
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Keywords: | Leguminous shrubs Rhizobia Salinity pH Cd Nodulation 16S ribosomal gene Genotypic characterization Mediterranean areas |
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