丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺投喂方式对建鲤生长、抗氧化及免疫力的影响

以初始质量为(33.52±0.17)g建鲤鱼种为研究对象,在室内单循环养殖系统中进行8周(w)生长试验,分别配制添加0.0%(对照饲料)和0.5%(试验饲料)丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺(Ala-Gln)的等氮(35 g/kg粗蛋白)、等能(17kJ/g能量)饲料,采用5种不同的Ala-Gln投喂方式连续8w投喂对照饲料(I,对照组);试验饲料2w交替投喂(II);前4w投喂试验饲料、后4w投喂对照饲料(III);前4w投喂对照饲料、后4w投喂试验饲料(IV);8w连续投喂试验饲料(V)],探讨Ala-Gln投喂方式对建鲤生长、抗氧化及免疫力的影响。结果表明:Ala-Gln连续投喂和不连续投喂的生长都显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2w交替投喂的生长率显著高于4w交替和连续8w投喂试验饲料组(P<0.05),前4w投喂试验饲料且后4w投喂对照饲料的生长率要高于8w连续投喂试验饲料组(P<0.05)。后4w投喂试验饲料组和连续8w投喂试验饲料组的血清SOD显著高于对照组(P<0.05);连续8w投喂试验饲料组显著高于2w交替投喂试验饲料组和前4w投喂试验饲料组的血清SOD(P<0.05)。Ala-Gln各种投喂方式组的肝胰脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)都显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。后4w投喂试验饲料组和连续8w投喂试验饲料组的血清GSH-Px显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在Ala-Gln四种投喂方式组中,除2w交替投喂组外,其他三种投喂方式组的头肾LZM都显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。后4w投喂试验饲料组和8w连续投喂试验饲料组的脾脏LZM都显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组头肾NO要显著高于各投喂方式组(P<0.05)。在试验条件下,饲料中添加Ala-Gln可提高建鲤的生长、抗氧化和免疫力。不同投喂方式间亦有显著差异,从生长、抗氧化和免疫的角度,结合经济性和适用性等进行考虑,建议采用2w间隔投喂的方式。

EFFECT OF ALA-GLN FEEDING ON GROWTH, ANTIOXIDANT LEVEL,AND IMMUNITY OF CYPRINUS CARPIO VAR. JIAN

This study was carried out using healthy Cyprinus with the initial body weight of(33.52±0.17) g in a single recirculating system for 8 weeks.Diets with equal levels of protein(35 g/kg) and energy(17 kJ/g) were administered to the Cyprinus at concentrations of 0.0 %(control diet) and 0.5%(trial diet) Ala-Gln of dietary dry matter in five different feeding modes: continuous 8 weeks of control diet(group I or control),trial diet at an interval of 2 weeks(group II),trial diet at 4 weeks and then control diet at 4 weeks(group III),the contrary to group Ⅲ(group IV) and continuous 8-week trial diet(group V).The trail was conducted to investigate the effects of different feeding mode of Ala-Gln on growth,immunity and antioxidant in Cyprinus.Our results indicated that growth rates under all different feeding modes of Ala-Gln were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Growth rate of Ⅱ was higher than that of Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴgroups(P<0.05),and growth rate of Ⅲ was higher than that of Ⅴgroup(P<0.05).Serum SOD of the Ⅳ and Ⅴgroups were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),and serum SOD of the Ⅴgroup was significantly higher than those of Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups(P<0.05).GSH-Px in hepatopancreas of different feeding modes were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),Serum GSH-Px of Ⅳ and Ⅴgroups were higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).LZM in the head kidneys of the Ala-Gln groups were higher than the control group,only group Ⅱ showed no significant difference(P>0.05),LZM in the spleen of the groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).In the current experiment,we concluded that adding Ala-Gln could improve the growth,immunity and antioxidant levels of Cyprinus.There were significant differences of different feeding modes.Given economical efficiency and practicability,feeding mode with 2-week intervals were suggested in the practical aquaculture of Cyprinus.