微囊藻细胞抽提液对小鼠血液的亚慢性毒性

本文研究了注射含微囊藻毒素的微囊藻细胞抽提掖对小鼠血液以及免疫系统的亚慢性毒性作用。实验分为3个处理组和1个对照组（每组10只昆明小鼠，雌雄各半），采用腹腔注射的染毒方法对3个处理组进行暴露，剂量分别为2.4、4.8 和 9.6 μg microcystin-LR/kg body weigh，对照组注射等量的生理盐水，连续注射14d。实验结果表明，14d 染毒后，小鼠的肝体比和脾体比都明显增大（p < 0.05）, 同时在9.6 μg/kg处理组，血清丙氨酸转移酶、天冬氨酸转移酶、乳酸脱氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性与对照相比明显升高，但血清总蛋白、白蛋白和白蛋白/球蛋白比率下降。这些指标的变化说明，含微囊藻毒素的微囊藻细胞提取液对处理组小鼠肝脏造成了损伤，肝组织学观察也印证了这个结果，在处理组小鼠肝组织有明显的水样变性。另外，9.6 μg/kg处理组小鼠血液白细胞数量比对照组明显减少。组织细胞学观察发现，处理组小鼠脾脏也有明显的损伤。该实验结果说明，含微囊藻毒素的微囊藻细胞抽提液对小鼠的血液和免役系统都产生了一定程度的损伤。

TOXIC EFFECTS OF MICROCYSTIS CELL EXTRACTS CONTAINING MICROCYSTIN-LR ON THE BLOOD OF MICE

In the present study, toxic effects of Microcystis cell extracts containing microcystin-LR on the treated-mice blood were investigated. Mice in three experimental groups received microcystin-LR by intraperitoneal injection of the cell extracts for 14 days at three sublethal doses of 2.4,4. 8 and 9.6 μg microcystin-LR/kg body weight. Effects of microcystin-LR on hematological parameters and serum biological levels of the treated mice were evaluated after two weeks of administra- tion. Mouse hematopoietic tissues, the bone marrow and the spleen were also collected for histopatholagical examina- tion. Remarkable differences in liver and spleen body weight ratios between the treatment and the control were discovered. Furthermore, activities of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehy- drogenase in 9. 6 μg/kg group markedly increased while the levels of serum total protein, albumin and albumin/globulin ra- tio significantly decreased compared to the control,indicating that microcystin-LR caused damages to the liver of the treated mice. In addition,severe hypoglycemia was observed in all treated mice,which was probably due to acute failure of hepatic gluconeogenesis as well as altered glucose mobilization and metabolism. In comparison to the control group,a remarkable de- crease in white blood cell count in 9. 6μg/kg group was observed by hematological test. Histopathological observations re- vealed that obvious impairment in the spleen was found in 9.6μg/kg group besides severe pathological lesions in the liv- er. Results presented in this paper clearly revealed that Microcystis cell extracts containing microcystin-LR had severe toxic effects on the blood of mice.