珠江口大型底栖动物的群落结构及影响因子研究

2008年8月至2009年5月, 调查了珠江口水域大型底栖动物季节分布以及与环境的关系, 结果表明:共鉴定出大型底栖动物34种, 多毛类和软体动物是该水域大型底栖动物的主要类群;大型底栖动物的密度和生物量以春季最高, 分别为759ind/m2和5.03g/m2,秋季则最低,分别为274ind/m2和2.34/g/m2.食底泥者是珠江口大型底栖动物最主要的功能摄食类群。研究区大型底栖动物的物种多样性指数(H′)、物种均匀度指数(J′)和物种丰富度指数(D)差异均不显著。典型对应分析表明:夏季锌、铜、铅、磷酸盐和透明度等5个因子与珠江口大型底栖动物群落相关性显著;秋季为铵氮;冬季和春季则分别为透明度和温度。  

STUDY ON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MACROZOOBENTHOS AND IMPACT FACTORS IN PEARL RIVER ESTUARY

The present study focus on the seasonal distribution and relations to environmental factors of the macrozoobenthos community of the area in Pearl River estuary, based on surveys conducted from August 2008 to May 2009. A total of 34 macrozoobenthos taxa were identified. Polychaeta and mollusca were the dominant groups. The average biomass and density of macrozoobenthos in study area were more in spring than in autumn, its value were 758 ind/m2, 5.03g/m2 and 274ind/m2, 2.34/ind/m2, respectively. The deposit feeders were numerically dominate in the Pearl River estuary. The Shannon-Weiner index, Pielou evenness index, species richness index had not significant difference between the four seasons. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the Zn, Cu, Pb, MPO4 concentration and transparency had the significant correlation with the macrozoobenthos community in summer, and NH4+-N concentration had be in autumn, and water transparency and temperature had be in winter and spring, respectively