城市景观水体中固氮微生物多样性及固氮活性检测

为探究城市景观水体中固氮微生物群落结构、多样性及固氮活性, 揭示水体中固氮蓝藻的固氮贡献, 研究选取新乡市牧野湖和人民公园水体两个小型水体进行研究。通过理化指标测定, 发现两个水体均处于富营养化状态, 借助高通量测序, 对两水体中微生物的16S rDNA和固氮酶nifH基因进行测序, 并利用乙炔还原法测定水体中固氮微生物的固氮速率。结果表明: 牧野湖水体中的原核生物类群共检测出32个门, 275个属; 固氮微生物共检测出9个门, 66个属。人民公园水体中的原核生物类群共检测出31个门, 238个属; 固氮微生物共检测出4个门, 13个属。固氮蓝藻在两个水体固氮微生物类群中分别占有3%和9.3%, 牧野湖固氮微生物丰富度相对较高, 与人民公园水体固氮微生物多样性差异较大。乙炔还原法测固氮速率结果显示, 两水体均未检测到固氮活性, 推测在富营养化的水体中固氮活性可能被抑制。

THE DIVERSITY OF DIAZOTROPH AND THE ACTIVITY OF NITROGEN FIXATION IN URBAN LANDSCAPE WATER

This study explored the nitrogen-fixing microbial community structure, diversity and nitrogen fixation activity in urban landscape water body, and the nitrogen-fixing contribution of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in water from Muye Lake and People’s Park in Xinxiang city. Physical and chemical indicators are eutrophic in these two lakes. This study measured 16S rDNA and Nitrogenase nifH gene of microorganism by high-throughput sequencing, and determined nitrogen fixation rate of nitrogen fixing microorganisms in two lakes by the acetylene reduction assay. A total of 32 phyla and 275 genera were detected in the prokaryote groups, and a total of 9 phyla and 66 genera were detected in the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in Muye Lake. A total of 31 phyla and 238 genera were detected in the prokaryote groups; a total of 4 phyla and 13 genera were detected in the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in the water column of the People’s Park. Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria accounted for 3% in the Muye Lake and 9.3% in People’s Park. The richness of Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in Muye Lake was significantly higher than that of People’s Park. The nitrogen fixation activity in the two lakes was similar. It is speculated that nitrogen fixation activity may be inhibited in eutrophic water.