不同水深养殖栉孔扇贝的形态测量学研究和比较

为了探究远岸深水海区和近岸浅水海区养殖的栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)形态上的差异, 运用传统形态测量学和几何形态测量学的方法, 对来自近岸浅水海区(15 m水深)和远岸深水海区(30 m水深)底栖养殖的2龄栉孔扇贝进行形态测量学研究和比较分析。结果表明: 深水养殖的栉孔扇贝的壳高(SH)、壳长(SL)和壳宽(SW)都极显著大于浅水养殖的栉孔扇贝(P<0.01); 通过界标点(Landmarks)和半界标点(Semi-landmarks)的方法, 及广义普鲁克分析(GPA)、主成分分析(PCA)和典型变量分析(CVA), 结果表明深水养殖的栉孔扇贝的整体壳形尺寸大于浅水养殖的栉孔扇贝, 除去尺寸大小因素后两者的壳耳和壳体扇形边缘存在显著差异。文章为栉孔扇贝深水养殖的选育和增养殖工作提供基于形态学研究的理论依据, 同时比较分析了传统形态测量学和几何形态测量学的原理和分析方法, 为研究生物体形态差异时选择合适的研究方法提供新参考。

MORPHOMETRIC STUDY AND COMPARISON OF SCALLOPS(CHLAMYS FARRERI)CULTURED IN DIFFERENT WATER DEPTH

Shell traits play an important role in the identification and delimitation of mollusk species.Determining the growth stage of Pecten is always a challenge in aquaculture,taxonomy,and evolution.In order to explore the morphological differences of the scallops cultured in the offshore deep-water sea area and the inshore shallow water sea area,traditional morphometry and geometrical morphometry methods were used to obtain their morphological differences.We tested the variation in shape indexes between the two groups of different water depth using the Independentsamples T test.For geometric morphometric analysis,we performed generalized procrustes analysis(GPA)on the collected morphological data coordinates of the two scallops.Then we subjected transformation data to principal component analysis(PCA)and canonical variate analysis(CVA).The results of the traditional multivariate morphometric analysis showed that the shell height(SH),shell length(SL)and shell width(SW)of the scallops in the deep water were significantly larger than the scallops in the shallow water(P<0.01);Through the analysis of landmarks and semi-landmarks variations,the results showed that the overall shell size of the scallops in the deep water was larger than that of the scallops in the shallow water and there is a significant difference in the auricles and disc of the two scallops after removing the size factor.This paper not only provides a theoretical basis for morphological research for the deep-water aquaculture of the scallops,but also providing a reference for selecting appropriate methods in the morphometric research.