中华沙鳅和宽体沙鳅形态差异及其物种有效性分析

通过主成分分析法并结合物种的生物学特征对长江上游支流沱江资中段69尾宽体沙鳅Sinibotia reevesae和长江干流宜宾段、南溪段及沱江资中段141尾中华沙鳅Sinibotia superciliaris的10个常规可量性状与20个框架性状进行了比较研究。结果显示: 主成分分析并不能区分宽体沙鳅和中华沙鳅之间的形态差异; 依据二者在尾柄高、吻须长、D1-3(胸鳍基部起点至腹鳍基部起点之间的距离)、D7-9(臀鳍基部后末端至尾鳍基部腹部起点之间的距离)和D9-10(鳍基部腹部起点至尾鳍基部背部起点之间的距离) 等形态特征的显著性差异(P<0.05), 并结合其繁殖生物学特征, 认为中华沙鳅和宽体沙鳅应为2个有效种。建议在使用框架性状度量评价物种有效性时需选择恰当的形态指标, 数据分析应结合物种的生物学特征。

MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION BETWEENSINIBOTIA SUPERCILIARIS AND SINIBOTIA REEVESAE WITH NOTES ON THEIR VALIDITIES

Sinibotia reevesae andSinibotia superciliaris are endemic fish with similar morphology that live only in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The current study assessed 10 traditional morphological parameters and 20 truss network features of 210 specimens from these two species using traditional taxonomy method and biological characteri-stics. 69 specimens ofS. reevesae were collected from Zizhong section of the Tuojiang River, a tributary river of the Yangtze River and 141 specimens ofS. superciliaris were collected from Zizhong section of the Tuojiang River, Yibin and Nanxi section of the Yangtze River. PCA analysis could not distinguish morphological difference of these two spe-cies, although there were significant differences in other aspects, such as the height of caudal peduncle, the length of rostral barbel, the distance of D1-3 (from the pectoral fin base to the origin of pelvic fin base), D7-9 (from the end of anal fin base to the ventral origin of caudal fin base) and D9-10 (from the ventral origin of caudal fin base to the dorsal origin of caudal fin base). TheS. reevesae andS. superciliaris should be considered as separate species based on chara-cteristics of the reproductive biology. Appropriate evaluation criteria should be chosen to evaluate the species validi-ties while use truss network features, and the data analysis should combine with the biological characteristics of species.