施用生石灰对精养池塘浮游细菌群落结构和多样性的影响

为研究施用生石灰对池塘浮游细菌群落结构和多样性的影响,采用基于16S rRNA的高通量测序技术比较分析了施用生石灰前后精养池塘浮游细菌群落结构和多样性差异。研究结果显示,施用生石灰进行处理1d后,池塘优势浮游细菌在门和属水平上均与施用前相同,但相对丰度产生变化。在门水平上,蓝细菌门（Cyanobacteria）的相对丰度由53.80%显著降低至47.57%,拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）的相对丰度由7.00%显著降低至5.24%,变形菌门（Proteobacteria）的相对丰度由19.72%显著降低至17.60%,而放线菌门（Actinobacteria）的相对丰度由6.76%显著上升至13.47%,浮霉菌门（Planctomycetes）的相对丰度由8.24%显著上升至11.10%。另外,在属水平上,分枝杆菌属（Mycobacterium）的相对丰度由0.73%显著降低至0.49%,浮丝藻属（Planktothrix）的相对丰度由0.041%显著降低至0.0074%。施用生石灰后池塘浮游细菌群落的物种丰富度指数（ACE和Chao 1）和Shannon多样性指数均显著提高,且Simpon指数显著降低（P < 0.05）。研究结果可为施用生石灰管理池塘水质和进行疾病预防提供理论解释,并可为更加科学合理地利用生石灰管理池塘提供科学指导。

EFFECTS OF QUICKLIME APPLICATION ON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND DIVERSITY OF BACTERIOPLANKTON IN INTENSIVE CULTURE PONDS

The current study investigated the effects of quicklime on community structure and diversity of bac-terioplankton in intensive culture ponds using the 16S rRNA based high-throughput sequencing technology. The do-minant bacterioplankton at both the phylum and genus level did not change by quicklime, but their abundance were sig-nificantly changed. The relative abundance of Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria decreased significantly from 53.80% to 47.57%, 7.00% to 5.24% and 19.72% to 17.60% respectively, whereas the relative abundance of Actin-obacteria and Planctomycetes increased significantly from 6.76% to 13.47% and 8.24% to 11.10% respectively. Simi-larly, at genus level, the relative abundance of Mycobacterium and Planktothrix decreased significantly from 0.73% to 0.49% and 0.041% to 0.0074% respectively. Quicklime application remarkably increased the species richness of bac-terioplankton communities in terms of ACE and Chao 1 index as well as Shannon index and decreased the Simpon in-dex (P<0.05). The results provide mechanisms on the water remediation and disease prevention of quicklime applica-tion and valuable insight into improved and more comprehensive management of liming in intensive culture ponds.