个性对中华倒刺鲃群体运动特征和食物占有能力的影响

为了探讨鱼类个性特征(勇敢性和社会性)对集群行为的影响及其与食物占有能力之间的关联, 实验选取中华倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus sinensis)幼鱼为实验对象, 分别测定其勇敢性、社会性和单尾饲养条件下的食物占有能力(摄食率)和生长、集群时每尾鱼个体运动特征及其食物占有能力(摄食率)。研究发现: (1)中华倒刺鲃的勇敢性和社会性具有较好的重复性, 且两者呈显著负相关, 但均与食物占有能力无关联; (2)社会性高的个体集群时运动时间比和速度同步性较低。(3)集群时较为活跃且距离鱼群质心距离较远的个体往往具有较高的食物占有能力。研究表明: (1)中华倒刺鲃的社会性在集群运动时能够很好的保留, 且个性差异会对集群运动特征产生重要影响。(2)在集群行为中, 群体成员运动特征的异质性会导致其食物占有能力出现差异, 这进一步表明个性分化对鱼类的集群生活具有重要的影响。

PERSONALITY ON COLLECTIVE MOVING CHARACTERISTICS AND FOOD COMPETITIVENESS ABILITY OF QINGBO (SPINIBARBUS SINENSIS)

In nature, the personality of animals is closely related to its food competitiveness ability, however, personality differences are beneficial to cooperation among group members and the formation of group decision-making. In order to explore the influence of fish personality characteristics (boldness, sociability) on schooling behavior and the potential correlation between personality and food competitiveness ability, juvenile qingbo (Spinibarbus sinensis) was selected to measure boldness, sociability, food competitiveness ability and growth performance in singleton, movement characteristics of individual fish during schooling and food competitiveness ability in schooling. The results indicated: (1) The boldness and sociability of qingbo had a good repeatability, and there was a negative correlation between them. However, there was no correlation between personality and food competitiveness ability. (2) Individuals with high sociability have lower percentage of movement time and synchronization of speed. (3) Individuals who were more active in schooling and farther away from the centroid of the shoal tended to have higher food competition ability. The results suggested that: (1) Sociability of experimental fish is well preserved in schooling, and the personality difference will have an important influence on collective moving characteristics. (2) In schooling behavior, the heterogeneity of movement characteristics of collective members can lead to differences in their food competitiveness ability, which further indicates the importance of individual heterogeneity to group life.