抚河源自然保护区鱼类群落结构及主要物种生长特征

基于2018年5月和7月对江西省抚河源自然保护区的鱼类资源调查数据, 研究了该保护区鱼类群落结构及主要物种生长特征。结果显示, 该保护区鱼类共有4目9科18属20种, 其中鲤形目鱼类最多, 占总种数的55%。优势种为侧条光唇鱼(Acrossocheilus parallens)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、宽鳍鱲(Zacco platypus)。保护区主要以肉食性和杂食性、底层性、定居性鱼类为主。物种多样性分析显示, 杨溪港鱼类多样性指数和丰富度指数最高(H′=1.52; D=2.07), 天井溪鱼类多样性指数和丰富度指数最低(H′=0.84; D=0.99)。主要鱼类的体长体重线性回归拟合方程式分析显示, 侧条光唇鱼(b=2.903)、鲫(b=3.039)和马口鱼(Opsariichthys bidens)(b=2.994)呈等速增长, 银(Squalidus argentatus, b=2.459)和宽鳍鱲(b=3.398)呈异速增长。β多样性分析显示, 杨溪港与桐斜河(β_r=12.3)、横路河(β_r=10.8)、天井溪(β_r=11.6)间的生境差异较大, 鱼类物种分化较大。相似性分析显示, 洪水坑与桐斜河(C_j=0.09)、天井溪(C_j=0.13)、胡洋溪(C_j=0.14)间的鱼类物种组成相似性较低。研究结果补充了保护区鱼类群落结构和主要鱼类生长特征的基础资料, 为抚河源自然保护区鱼类资源的保护和管理提供理论依据。

FISH COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS IN THE FUHEYUAN NATURE RESERVE,JIANGXI PROVINCE

The Fuheyuan Nature Reserve is located in the southeastern of Jiangxi Province. The surveys of fish resources were conducted in May and July 2018. A total of 20 fish species were recorded, belonging to 9 families and 4 orders. Cypriniformes are the greatest, accounting for 55% of total fish. Dominant fish species are Acrossocheilus parallens, Carassius auratus and Zacco platypus. Carnivorous, omnivorous, demersal and settlement fish were mainly ecological types. Fish diversity index was the highest in the YXG (H′=1.52; D=2.07) and the lowest in the YXR2 (H′=0.84; D=0.99). Analysis of the linear regression equation of fish body length and weight showed that Acrossocheilus parallens (b=2.903), Carassius auratus (b=3.039) and Opsariichthys bidens (b=2.994) increased at the same rate, while Squalidus argentatus (b=2.459) and Zacco platypus (b=3.398) have different growth rates. There were great differences among the lower reaches of YXG, TXR, HLR and YXR2 based on beta diversity, indicating significant differences in fish species in these regions. Moreover, fish composition similarity between ZHR1, TXR, YXR2 and YXR2 is low. The research results supplement the basic data of the fish community structure and main fish growth characteristics in the reserve, and provide a theoretical basis for the protection and management of fish resources in the Fuheyuan Nature Reserve.