基于环境DNA宏条形码的洱海鱼类多样性研究

研究使用环境DNA宏条形码(eDNA metabarcoding)检测洱海鱼类多样性, 探索适用于洱海鱼类多样性监测和保护的新方法。通过水样采集、过滤、eDNA提取、遗传标记扩增、测序与生物信息分析的环境DNA宏条形码标准化分析流程, 从洱海16个采样点中获得可检测的9个采样点数据, 共检测出17种鱼类, 其中土著种5种、外来种12种; 鲫(Carassius auratus)、鳙(Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)、麦穗鱼(Pseudorasbora parva)、泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)和食蚊鱼(Gambusia affinis)为优势种。研究结果表明虽然环境DNA宏条形码无法完全替代传统的鱼类监测方法, 但作为一种新兴的生物多样性监测手段, 其可用于快速检测洱海鱼类多样性及其空间分布。

INVESTIGATING THE FISH DIVERSITY IN ERHAI LAKE BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL DNA METABARCODING

In recent years, environmental DNA metabarcoding (eDNA metabarcoding) has been widely utilized in fish diversity assessments due to its cost-effective and non-invasive strategies with increased sensitivity. To explore new methods for monitoring and protecting Erhai Lake’s fish diversity, this study first used eDNA metabarcoding to detect fish diversity of Erhai Lake. This study used a standardized process of eDNA metabarcoding analysis, including water collection, water filtration, eDNA extraction, genetic marker amplification, sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. A total of 17 fish species were detected from 9 sampling sites, including 5 native species and 12 non-native species. Five species (Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Pseudorasbora parva, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, and Gambusia affinis) were the dominant species. Although eDNA metabarcoding cannot completely replace traditional methods, it can be used as a supplementary tool to efficiently assess and monitor fish diversity and species distribution patterns in Erhai Lake.