基于微单体型分子标记的草鱼亲子鉴定方法

研究选择一种新型分子标记——微单体型用于亲子鉴定, 构建了高效的标记筛选和亲子鉴定流程, 并以草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus) 为例评估了该亲子鉴定方法的效果。结果表明, 利用基因组重测序数据能够准确完成微单体型标记的分型, 效果和适应性明显优于传统的基于群体遗传学推断的分型; 通过信息熵的大小能够高效筛选微单体型标记组合, 3个和5个微单体型标记的亲子鉴定结果与微卫星序列(SSR)鉴定结果的一致性分别达到97.08%和99.42%。研究表明使用微单体型分子标记可以快速而准确地完成鱼类的亲子鉴定工作。

A METHOD FOR PATERNITY TESTING OF GRASS CARP (CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS) USING MICROHAPLOTYPES

Paternity testing is a technique of great importance in the genetic breeding of aquatic animals. Currently, the most frequently used type of biomarker in paternity tests is microsatellites (SSRs). However, weaknesses of SSRs lie in the complicated and labor-intensive genotyping process, which leads to low efficiency when such analyses are performed on a large scale. In this study, a new type of molecular biomarker, microhaplotypes (MH), was introduced for paternity testing. For the purpose of marker screening and paternity testing, a more efficient pipeline was constructed and evaluated with data from a grass carp population. The results showed that the genotypes of the MHs can be accurately obtained from genome resequencing data with clearly improved efficiency and compatibility over conventional genotyping methods based on population genetics. It is feasible to screen highly efficient MH combinations using the informative index. The consistency with the paternity test results obtained using SSRs reached 97.08% or 99.42% when 3 or 5 MHs were used, respectively. This research suggests that MHs can be used for the rapid and accurate paternity testing of fishes.