鱼类脂肪与脂肪酸的转运及调控研究进展

由于鱼油资源短缺, 植物油在水产饲料中广泛使用。然而, 随之而来的鱼体脂肪异常沉积等问题也日益突出, 严重危害养殖鱼类健康。脂肪的沉积是一个复杂的过程, 主要包括脂肪的合成、转运和分解。到目前为止, 在鱼类中已经进行了大量关于植物油替代鱼油影响脂肪沉积的研究。但是, 这些研究主要集中于脂肪的合成和分解, 有关脂肪转运的研究十分缺乏。脂肪转运不仅是影响组织脂肪沉积的重要因素, 而且在机体脂稳态和能量平衡中起着重要作用。因此综述了鱼类脂蛋白的种类和组成, 鱼类对脂肪和脂肪酸的转运, 营养因素对脂肪和脂肪酸转运的影响, 指出了脂类转运研究的重要性和紧迫性, 并且提出了未来需要努力的方向。

RESEARCH PROGRESSES OF LIPIDS AND FATTY ACIDS TRANSPORT IN FISH

Vegetable oils have been widely used in aquafeeds because of the shortage of global fish oil resources. However, the excess lipid accumulation in fish has been an increasingly serious problem to fish health. Lipid depo-sition is a complex process, including lipogenesis, lipid transport and lipolysis. Numerous studies examined effects of vegetable oils replacing fish oil on lipid deposition in fish. by mainly focused on the lipogenesis and lipolysis, little re-searches were conducted on lipid transport that not only regulates lipid deposition of a specific tissue but also plays a pivotal role in lipid homeostasis and energy balance in organisms. Therefore, this paper reviewed the types and com-positions of lipoproteins, lipids and fatty acids transports in fish, and effects of nutritional factors on lipids and fatty acids transport, and proposed the direction of future research.