饵料对鳡肠道微生物多样性的影响

通过PCR-DGGE指纹分析并结合克隆、测序对饲喂人工配合饲料和冰鲜鱼两种不同饵料的鳡肠道微生物群落结构及多样性差异进行了比较研究。摄食配合饲料和冰鲜鱼的鳡肠道样品中分别检测到21条和17条清晰的DGGE指纹条带; 进一步的克隆、测序及BLAST比对分析表明, 21条测序谱带与GenBank数据库中已知微生物的同源性为98%100%。配合饲料饲养鳡肠道微生物特有条带代表种群主要为魏斯氏菌(Weissellakoreensis)等, 冰鲜鱼饲养鳡特有条带代表种为威斯康星米勒菌(Moellerella wisconsensis)等。从PCR-DGGE指纹相似性来看, 不同饵料饲养鳡的肠道细菌组成差异较为明显, 相似性仅为11.9%42.6%。鳡肠道菌群的DGGE 指纹图谱中条带的H'指数(Shannon-Weiner 指数)最高为配合饲料饲养鳡第Ⅴ组样本, 达到2.84, 最低的为冰鲜鱼饲喂下的鳡第Ⅵ组样本, 为2.46。研究结果表明, 投喂人工配合饲料和冰鲜鱼会对鳡肠道菌落产生影响, 可为鳡饲料的开发提供一定的基础依据。此外, 两类鳡的肠道群落PCR-DGGE指纹图谱有助于这两种鳡产品的跟踪和肠道益生菌研究。

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DIETS ON INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA OF ELOPICHTHYSBAMBUSA

In the present study, the sample of intestinal contents of Elopichthys bambusa which was feed by artificial diet and ice fish was collected to construct PCR-DGGE fingerprinting, the population structure and the diversity of in-testinal bacteria in Elopichthys bambusa was investigated by cloning and sequencing the purposes binding strips. The DGGE fingerprints of intestinal contents showed that 21 and 17 bands were observed from Elopichthys bambusa which was feed by artificial diet and ice fish;through BLAST comparison, the sequencing results revealed that the similarity between sequencing gained and GenBank was 98%—100%. The representative species of Elopichthys bambusa which was feed by artificial diet were Weissella koreensi, etc. And the representative species of Elopichthys bambusa which was feed by ice fish were Moellerella wisconsensi, etc. From the similarity of lanes and bands, there were more signi-ficant difference between intestinal bacteria in different Elopichthys bambusa culture pattern, and the similarity was 11.9%—42.6%. The highest band H′index in DGGE fingerprint of Elopichthys bambusa intestinal bacteria was the fifth set of samples which was feed by artificial diet, and to 2.84, the lowest was the sixth set of samples which was feed by ice fish, and under 2.46. The results of this study suggested that, feeding artificial feed and iced trash fish af-fected the composition of fish intestinal microflora, and this provided basic references to diets development. Further-more, the PCR-DGGE fingerprinting of intestinal bacteria in two types of Elopichthys bambusa was benefit to product tracking and probiotics research.