西伯利亚鲟、施氏鲟及其杂交种(西伯利亚鲟♀×施氏鲟♂)的形态差异分析

采用形态学和多变量形态度量方法, 对西伯利亚鲟(Acipenser baerii)、施氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii)及其杂交种(西伯利亚鲟♀×施氏鲟♂)的形态异同进行了分析, 以鉴别区分三者的形态特征。结果发现, 西伯利亚鲟、施氏鲟及其杂交种的可数性状中鳃耙数和背鳍数均具有显著差异; 可量性状的多重比较分析显示杂交种的眼间距/全长显著小于西伯利亚鲟和施氏鲟, 三者的吻长/全长均具有显著差异; 主成分分析提取的前三个主成分对变异的累积贡献率为65.68%; 判别分析构建了西伯利亚鲟、施氏鲟及其杂交种的判别公式, 判别公式预测分类总体准确率为85.6%。分析结果表明, 西伯利亚鲟、施氏鲟及其杂交种间的形态差异主要体现在头部及尾柄。

MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES OF ACIPENSER BAERII, ACIPENSER SCHRENCKII AND THEIR HYBRIDS (A. BAERII♀× A. SCHRENCKII♂)

In order to identify the morphological differences and discrimination of Acipenser baerii and Acipenser schrenckii, the hybrids of A. baerii♀× A. schrenckii♂ were analyzed by morphological and multivariate morphometric methods. There were significant differences in the number of gill rakes and dorsal fins among the countable traits of A. baerii, A. schrenckii and their hybrids. The multiple comparative analysis of the countable traits showed that the eye spacing/full length of A. baerii and A. schrenckii was significantly longer than that of their hybrids. The three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate to variation was 65.68%. The discriminant formulas for A. baerii, A. schrenckii and their hybrids were constructed by discriminant analysis, and the overall accuracy of the discriminant formulas was 85.6%. The results revealed that the morphological differences among A. baerii, A. schrenckii and their hybrids were mainly reflected in the head and tail stalk.