鱼溶浆、酶解鱼溶浆和酶解鱼浆完全替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼生长的影响

为了探究鱼溶浆、酶解鱼溶浆和酶解鱼浆完全替代鱼粉后对黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)生长的影响, 在黄颡鱼实用型日粮配方模式下, 以28%的日本级蒸汽鱼粉为对照(FM), 按照FM组鱼粉蛋白质量的15%、30%和45%三个梯度, 分别添加鱼溶浆(SW15、SW30和SW45)、酶解鱼溶浆(SWH15、SWH30和SWH45)、酶解鱼浆(FPH15、FPH30和FPH45)完全替代鱼粉, 设计共10组等氮等能日粮, 每组设定3个重复, 在池塘网箱中养殖初始体重(18.68±0.10) g /尾黄颡鱼60d。结果显示: (1)以FM为对照, SW的3个试验组黄颡鱼的SGR降低9.89%—20.33%(P<0.05), FCR增加18.79%—44.85%(P<0.05); SWH试验组中SWH15和SWH45的SGR相对FM组分别降低8.79%和14.84%, FCR相对FM组增加16.97%和27.88%, 差异显著(P<0.05); FPH试验组中FPH15和FPH45的SGR相对FM组降低13.18%和15.38%, FCR相对FM增加30.30%和29.70%, 差异显著(P<0.05); (2)SWH30和FPH30组的SGR、FCR与FM组无显著差异(P>0.05); (3)相对于SW, 同等添加量SWH的SGR增加4.40%—9.39%, FCR降低9.81%—15.31%(P<0.05); (4)与FM组的FIFO值相比, SW30、SWH30和FPH30的FIFO值仅为0.67、0.61和0.60, 降低67.67%—70.15%(P<0.05)。结果表明: 在黄颡鱼日粮中, 8.5%添加量的酶解鱼溶浆(干物质)、8.2%添加量的酶解鱼浆(干物质)可以完全替代鱼粉(28%), 而相应的FIFO值分别比鱼粉组降低了69.95%和70.15%; 酶解鱼溶浆对黄颡鱼的生长效果优于鱼溶浆。日粮中过高或过低添加量的鱼溶浆、酶解鱼溶浆和酶解鱼浆都会导致黄颡鱼的生长速度和饲料效率下降。

THE EFFECTS OF FISH MEAL REPLACEMENT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF YELLOW CATFISH (PELTEOBAGRUS FULVIDRACO)

To evaluate effects of stickwater, stickwater hydrolysate and fish protein hydrolysate to replace fish meal on the growth performance of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), ten isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to feed 30 net cages of yellow catfish (18.68±0.10) g for 60 days. A semipurified diet containing 28% fish meal was formulated as a control (FM diet). Other nine non-fish meal diets were formulated with stickwater (SW15, SW30, SW45), stickwater hydrolysate (SWH15, SWH30, SWH45) or fish protein hydrolysate (FPH15, FPH30, FPH45), supplying approximate15%, 30% or 45% fish meal protein of FM diet. (1) Compared with diet FM, diets SW decreased SGR by 9.89%—20.33% (P<0.05, and increased FCR by 18.79%—44.85% (P<0.05). Diet SWH15 and diet SWH45 decreased SGR by 8.79% and 14.84% respectively and increased FCR by 16.97% and 27.88% compared with those of the diet FM (P<0.05). Diet FPH15 and diet FPH45 decreased SGR by 13.18% and 15.38%, and increased FCR by 30.30% and 29.70% compared with diet FM (P<0.05); (2) No significant difference was noticed among diet SWH30, diet FPH30 and diet FM in SGR and FCR (P>0.05); (3) The SGR of diets SWH additionally increased 4.40%—9.39% compared with diets SW, while the FCR decreased 9.81%—15.31% (P<0.05); (4) Compared with diet FM, the FIFO of diet SW30, SWH30 and FPH30 were 0.67, 0.61 and 0.60, respectively, decreased by 67.67% to 70.15% (P<0.05). These results indicated that 28% fish meal protein quality of 8.5% (with dry weight 90%) stickwater hydrolysate (diet SWH30) and 8.2% (with dry weight 90%) fish protein hydrolysate (diet FPH30) have similar growth performance with 28% fish meal in yellow catfish diet, and that the FIFO of these two diets were reduced by 69.95% and 70.15% compared with that of diet FM. The stickwater hydrolysate had better fish growth performance than stickwater. The growth performance and feed efficiency of yellow catfish were significantly decreased when the additive amount of stickwater and stickwater hydrolysate was not suitable.