鄱阳湖沿岸带螺类的物种组成及其生境

2011年5月和6月在鄱阳湖沿岸带的62个样点采集了淡水螺类样本并调查了生境类型，分析了淡水螺类的物种组成及其生境分布特征。结果表明:共采集到淡水螺类19种，分属田螺科（8种）、觿螺科（8种）、椎实螺科（2种）和黑螺科（1种）。与前人的研究相比，本次调查的螺类物种数有较大的下降，但田螺科和觿螺科的物种仍是整个螺类群落的主要组成部分。淤泥生境的螺类物种组成与其他生境的差异较大，淤泥生境的螺类物种丰富度显著高于沙土、砂石和水草3种生境（P0.05），表明螺类对生境具有一定的栖息偏好性。最后详细讨论了淡水螺类种数变化、物种组成及其生境分布的影响因素。  

STUDY ON THE SPECIES COMPOSITION AND HABITATS OF FRESHWATER SNAIL IN THE LITTORAL ZONE OF POYANG LAKE

To study the species diversity and habitat distribution of the gastropods, we collected the freshwater snail samples from 62 sites in the littoral zone of Poyang Lake in May and June of 2011, and investigated the characteristics of their habitats. Nineteen freshwater snails species were identified, which were categorized into viviparidae (8 species), Hydrobiidae (8 species), Lymnaeidae (2 species) and Melaniidae (1 species). Compared to the previously reported data the number of taxa showed a sharp decline. Similar to the previous reports, viviparidae and Hydrobiidae were still the dominant species in the community. There were remarkable differences in species composition between mud and other habitats. The species richness of freshwater snails showed significant difference between mud and macrophyte. The differences were also presented between mud and sandy soil, and between mud and stone (P0.05). These indicated that snails had a perching preference in selecting their habitats. Finally, we discussed the factors that potentially influence species diversity and habitat distribution of freshwater snails.