池养长江蟹、辽河蟹生长性能及其遗传-环境交互作用分析

在江苏省高淳县和安徽省绩溪县两地同时进行中华绒螯蟹长江种群和辽河种群二龄成蟹生长比较试验。①在同一饲养环境里 ,4— 9月 ,两种群间差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 )。②长江蟹比辽河蟹生长期长一个月 ,长江蟹 1 0月底出池 ,故其商品蟹体重大于 9月底出池时辽河蟹体重 (P <0 0 5 )。③长江蟹成活率高于辽河蟹 (P <0 0 1 )。④两种群的雄性个体都大于雌性个体 (P <0 0 1 ) ;但雌、雄差异明显增大的时间是 ,辽河蟹始于 7、8月份 ,长江蟹始于 8、9月份。⑤在绩溪山区池塘低温和饵料贫乏的生态环境中 ,两种群的生长、成活率都比在高淳平原池塘的较好生态环境下低 (P <0 0 1 )。种群与环境、性别与环境的交互作用都极显著 (P <0 0 1 )。在优良环境中 ,长江种群的生长优势和两种群内雄性的生长优势才能得到发挥

GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND ITS GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION ANALYSIS OF CHINESE MITTEN CRAB (ERIOCHEIR SINENSIS)POPULATIONS FROM THE YANGTZE RIVER AND THE LIAOHE RIVER IN PONDS

Culture experiment of two-year old crabs of the Yangtze River population and the Liaohe River population were conducted in Gaochun,Jiangsu province and Jixi,Anhui province simultaneously.(1) There is no significant difference in growth performances between the Yangtze River population and the Liaohe River population under the same management from April to September(P>0.05).(2)Harvest weight of the Yangtze River population in October was higher than that of the Liaohe River population harvested in September (P<0.05),because the Yangtze River population grew one month longer than the Liaohe River population.(3)Survival of the Yangtze River populations was higher than the Liaohe River population (P<0.01).(4)Weight of male crabs of two populations were higher than females(P<0.01),while the difference was enlarged in July and August for the Liaohe River population and in August and September for the Yangtze River population.(5)Growth and survival between two populations under stress of environment condition of Jixi were lower than that of Gaochun(P<0.01).There were significant interactions between environment and population(P<0.01),environment and sex(P<0.01).It means growth dominance of the Yangtze population and male crab of each population would be expressed in optimal environment but not in poor environment.