张氏的食性分析

为分析长江上游干支流梯级水利开发对张氏(Hemiculter tchangi Fang)的生态效应,在已对该鱼繁殖生物学、年龄与生长和形态性状进行研究的基础上,对张氏食性进行分析。针对采自四川省合江县的张氏样本,探究其食物组成;并分别比较不同季节、不同年龄组别、性腺不同发育期的样本的摄食状况。结果显示:张氏是偏动物性食性的杂食性鱼类。摄食双翅目昆虫(蚊蝇幼虫)、草本植物及种子、藻类、环节动物门寡毛纲(水蚯蚓)、膜翅目昆虫、甲壳类、枝角类、鞘翅目昆虫、贝类以及小鱼、鱼卵、幼蛙等。动物性饵料在夏季出现次数百分比最高,冬季最低;而藻类在冬季出现百分比高于其他季节。平均充塞度和摄食率均以春季为最高,秋季最低。在14龄鱼中,摄食率随着年龄的增加而增大。对于雌鱼而言,处于Ⅱ期的鱼类个体肠道内食物平均充塞度高于其他各期;而对于雄鱼,处于不同性腺发育期的样本,平均充塞度和摄食率则无规律性变动。在其繁殖季节59月期间,未出现停止摄食的现象,平均充塞度和摄食率处于中等水平。  

ANALYSIS ON THE FEEDING HABITS OF HEMICULTER TCHANGI

Hemiculter tchangi Fang is an endemic fish in the upper Yangtze River,and mainly distribute in Sichuan Province and Chongqing City.At present,more and more researches have used endemic fish as indicative species to appraise the healthy of the river which they lived.Further more,the habitat changed dramatically due to the construction of a series of hydroelectricity projects,it was forecasted that the population sizes of the endemic fish might decreased sharply in the future.It is very urgent to make suitabl...